Notable Locations

Base aérienne 942 "Capitaine Jean Robert," active since 1960 roughly 15km northwest of Lyon, has anchored French air-defense radar and command-and-control functions for over six decades, including a landmark 44-meter "boule" radar dome installed in 1970 and decommissioned in 2024–2025. It hosts CAPCODA (Centre Air de Planification et de Conduite des Opérations et de la Défense Aérienne), the unified air-operations command center created in October 2024 from the merger of the previously separate CNOA and CAPCO units — whose radar and track-reconstruction data GEIPAN cites, under its current name, in its investigation of the 2022 Montluel cloud-distorting object sighting roughly 35km to the east.

Home of the U.S. Army Infantry School since 1918, on the Georgia–Alabama border near Columbus. On the night of September 2, 1977, Pvt. John Vasquez says he and roughly 1,300 fellow soldiers on a night live-fire range were struck by descending lights and lost hours of memory — a story he did not recall until hypnosis 14 years later, later echoed by fellow soldier James Norton in 2011, and the subject of this site's Fort Benning Abduction Case.

The alleged site of the fabricated "Philadelphia Experiment" invisibility legend, supposedly involving USS Eldridge in October 1943. The U.S. Navy's own records show the ship never made port here during the alleged period, and the Office of Naval Research has explicitly denied any such experiment ever took place. Physicist T. Townsend Brown's name was falsely attached to the legend by a 1979 book, six years after his real Navy service had already ended.

Renamed from Kirtland Army Air Field on January 13, 1948, Kirtland hosted the region's atomic-weapons infrastructure alongside adjoining Sandia Base and served as the base for the 17th District of the Air Force Office of Special Investigations. Beginning December 5, 1948, Kirtland's tower and intelligence officers fielded the first formal aircrew reports of the Green Fireballs, and Colonel Doyle Rees's OSI district office compiled and escalated the wave of sightings that led to the classified February 1949 Los Alamos conference.

Operating under the Armed Forces Special Weapons Project, Sandia Base handled the final engineering, ordnance assembly, and non-nuclear component work for every atomic weapon in the American arsenal in the late 1940s (later reorganized as the civilian Sandia National Laboratories in 1979). Together with adjoining Kirtland Air Force Base and Los Alamos, Sandia sat at the geographic center of the 1948–49 Green Fireballs wave, logging at least 17 sightings in 1949 alone per later Project Twinkle records.

A small (2.3 km²) North Vietnamese-held island roughly 15 nautical miles off the coast, just north of the DMZ separating North and South Vietnam. Used by North Vietnamese forces for observation and anti-aircraft positions, Tiger Island sat at the edge of Operation Sea Dragon's naval interdiction campaign. In June 1968, recurring unidentified radar and visual contacts near the island — nicknamed "UFOs" by U.S. Marine observers — triggered an alert that led to the loss of Swift boat PCF-19 and, the following night, the friendly-fire missile attack on HMAS Hobart, the subject of this site's HMAS Hobart / DMZ Vietnam Incident case file.

Israel's principal nuclear research and plutonium-production facility, built with French assistance in the late 1950s and operational by the early 1960s, roughly 13 km southeast of the town of Dimona. The surrounding airspace is a permanent, strictly enforced no-fly zone with a decades-long history of airspace-security incidents, including a 1967 friendly-fire shootdown of a damaged Israeli fighter, a 2009 ultralight-aircraft intrusion, and a 2012 Hezbollah drone incursion. On 16 December 2010, an unidentified, unmanned object that had crossed from Jordan was shot down by an F-16 approaching this no-fly zone, on the order of IAF Commander Maj. Gen. Ido Nehushtan; IAF sources described it within hours as "probably a balloon." See the Dimona/Negev Unidentified Object Shootdown case file.

Iran's heavy-water production and IR-40 reactor complex near the village of Khondab, roughly 40 km from the city of Arak, publicly exposed in August 2002 by the National Council of Resistance of Iran and confirmed to IAEA inspectors in February 2003. In the tense period following that disclosure, Iranian Air Force sources speaking years later to aviation journalist Babak Taghvaee described an F-14A Tomcat crew attempting a radar lock, in November 2004, on a luminous object reported near this facility — one of a wider, single-sourced wave of claimed "luminous object" intercepts Iran attributed to suspected U.S. reconnaissance drones near its nuclear sites. See the Arak F-14 Radar Intercept case file.

A major U.S. Marine Corps (1965–1970) and later U.S. Army combined air, port, and logistics base on South Vietnam's central coast, garrisoned from September 1967 by the 23rd Infantry ("Americal") Division. At 1:52 AM on January 6, 1969, sentries in Observation Tower 72, guarding the base's ammunition supply point, radioed in a silent, glowing, egg-shaped object descending and landing nearby; the base's own Control Tower radar recorded no return. The report, preserved in the division's declassified daily journal, went undiscovered until a 2011 National Archives blog post — the subject of this site's Chu Lai Egg-Shaped Object Incident case file.

A contested stretch of open ocean between Hainan Island, the Paracel Islands, and the Vietnamese coast, crossed by the commercial airway linking Hong Kong and Singapore. On November 24, 2021, an anonymous flight-deck video — filed with MUFON as Case #119564 — captured 9–12 bright lights fading in sequential rows above the clouds; no GPS coordinates were embedded in the footage, so this position is inferred from the flight's known routing and radio traffic, not independently confirmed.

Iraq's second-largest city, held by ISIS from June 2014 until its recapture in July 2017. On April 16, 2016, an MC-12 Liberty reconnaissance aircraft's electro-optical/infrared sensor recorded four seconds of footage over the city showing a bright, apparently metallic sphere — later leaked and, after a 2025 FOIA lawsuit, released in full as the "Mosul Orb". Official coordinates for the sensor frame were redacted; an unofficial Metabunk community geolocation places it in the city's northern districts, near 36.328° N, 43.184° E, unconfirmed by any government source.

A city on the Euphrates in eastern Syria, and the governorate that hosts several of the U.S. military's remaining outposts in the country (including the Al-Omar oil field and Conoco gas plant garrisons) supporting the anti-ISIS mission and periodically targeted by Iranian-backed militia drone and rocket attacks. On July 12, 2022 — the final day of that year's Eid al-Adha holiday — the sensor of a U.S. MQ-9 Reaper drone recorded a small, silvery spherical object in the desert northeast of the city, later declassified by AARO as the "Middle East Object" and geolocated here by Bellingcat researchers using matched satellite ground features.

Built beginning in 1947 as the classified "Site Able," this facility in the foothills of the Manzano Mountains was formally renamed Manzano Base and passed to Air Force operational control on February 22, 1952, becoming one of the original six U.S. National Stockpile Sites — roughly 122 earth-covered concrete "igloos" and mountainside tunnels across some 2,880 acres. It merged with adjoining Kirtland Air Force Base and Sandia Base on July 1, 1971. Coordinates given are for the modern successor Kirtland Underground Munitions Maintenance and Storage Complex (opened 1992) on the same base; the historic Manzano WSA and its adjoining Coyote Canyon instrumented test range extended further into the Manzano foothills to the southeast, and the exact boundaries of this still-active national-security site are not publicly published. Over several nights in August 1980, security police guarding the area — including SSgt Stephen Ferenz's crew — and a separate Sandia Corporation guard reported an unidentified light hovering and, in one account, landing near the site, a case documented in a declassified AFOSI complaint form and later entangled with the Paul Bennewitz disinformation affair.

Now Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport. Its Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA) radar room was the epicenter of the July 1952 Washington UFO flap: controllers Harry Barnes, Edward Nugent, Howard Cocklin, and Joe Zacko tracked unidentified targets on two consecutive weekends, culminating in the largest Pentagon press conference since World War II. The airport sits directly astride the restricted approach corridor serving the Pentagon, the White House, and the U.S. Capitol.

A separate radar installation ten miles from Washington National Airport that independently tracked the same unidentified targets during the July 1952 flap, at times confirming returns simultaneously with National's scopes and, once controller Harry Barnes alerted the base after the targets crossed over the White House and Capitol, corroborating them with its own radar. Airman William Brady and Staff Sgt. Charles Davenport reported a maneuvering orange fireball from the base tower and grounds on the night of July 19–20, 1952. Today known as Joint Base Andrews, home of Air Force One.

Home of the Delaware Air National Guard's fighter-interceptor squadron, which scrambled F-94C Starfire jets to Washington on both nights of the July 1952 flap. On both nights, radar contacts vanished from National Airport's scopes the moment the fighters arrived overhead and reappeared once the jets, low on fuel, departed. Lt. William Patterson's jet-chase encounter on the night of July 26–27 launched from here and became the centerpiece of General Samford's Pentagon press conference three days later. Today the site of New Castle Air National Guard Base.

Fargo's municipal airport and, from January 1947, home of the newly organized North Dakota Air National Guard's 178th Fighter Squadron. On the night of October 1, 1948, tower operators Lloyd D. Jensen and H.E. Johnson watched from here as ANG pilot Lt. George F. Gorman pursued an unidentified light for 27 minutes in the airspace overhead. Today known as Hector International Airport and the Fargo Air National Guard Base.

A major U.S. military facility in Anchorage, Alaska. During the February 2023 airspace incursions, F-22 Raptor stealth fighters scrambled from this base to intercept and shoot down unidentified high-altitude objects over Alaska and the Yukon Territory.

Headquarters of the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) and U.S. Northern Command (USNORTHCOM). The operations center here coordinated the tracking, scrambling of fighter jets, and ultimate engagement during the February 2023 UAP airspace incursions.

A highly classified military facility built into the mountainside of Papoose Lake, located 15 miles south of Area 51. According to Bob Lazar's 1989 disclosures, this facility housed nine flying discs under study. Lazar claimed he worked on the "Sport Model" craft here, powered by Element 115.

The world's most famous secret military base, officially known as Homey Airport or Groom Lake. A remote detachment of the Edwards Air Force Base, it has been the testbed for advanced stealth programs (U-2, SR-71 Blackbird, F-117 Nighthawk). Lazar was flown here before being bussed to S-4.

Home of the 509th Bomb Group — the only nuclear-capable military unit in the world in 1947 — and the base that issued the famous July 8 press release announcing recovery of a "flying disc." Within hours, the story was retracted by Fort Worth. Debris and materials were processed and flown out from this base, including from Hangar 84.

A major Air Force research installation long rumored to be the ultimate destination for Roswell crash materials. Home of Project Blue Book (1951–1969), Project Sign, and Project Grudge. The Foreign Technology Division operated here. Numerous witness accounts, including Jesse Marcel's, suggest materials were ultimately flown to Wright-Patterson. Its Air Technical Intelligence Center twice analyzed Nick Mariana's 1950 Great Falls, Montana UFO film, reaching different conclusions in 1950 and 1952.

Headquarters of the Eighth Air Force, commanded by General Roger Ramey. It was here that the Roswell "flying disc" story was publicly debunked on July 8, 1947 — Ramey held a press conference presenting weather balloon debris and retracting the RAAF's earlier announcement. The famous "Ramey memo," captured in a photograph, appears to reference the actual crash materials.

An Army Signal Corps installation since 1917, home to the Signal Corps' radar research and training complex (including the nearby Evans Signal Laboratory at Camp Evans, Belmar, where the U.S. Army's 1946 Project Diana experiment first bounced radar signals off the Moon). On September 10, 1951, a student radar operator here tracked an unidentified fast-moving target, a case that reached General Charles P. Cabell's office and directly triggered the Air Force's reorganization of Project Grudge into what became Project Blue Book.

A Jersey Shore borough over which a U.S. Air Force T-33 jet trainer, piloted by Lt. Wilbert S. Rogers with Maj. Edward Ballard Jr. observing, sighted a disc-shaped object on September 10, 1951, roughly twenty-five minutes after a radar contact was tracked at Fort Monmouth. The object reportedly descended toward nearby Sandy Hook, hovered, and departed out over the Atlantic.

A small Arkansas Delta farming community known as "The Duck and Rice Capital of the World," over whose airspace Chicago & Southern Air Lines Capt. Jack Adams and First Officer G.W. Anderson Jr. sighted a disc-shaped, porthole-lit object on the night of March 20, 1950, while flying their DC-3 from Memphis toward Little Rock.

Arkansas's capital and the destination of the Chicago & Southern Air Lines DC-3 flight during which Capt. Jack Adams and First Officer G.W. Anderson Jr. sighted a disc-shaped object on March 20, 1950, roughly 40 miles east of the city, north of Stuttgart.

A Chicago & Southern Air Lines hub city and the departure point of the March 20, 1950 DC-3 flight during which Capt. Jack Adams and First Officer G.W. Anderson Jr. sighted a disc-shaped object over Arkansas en route to Little Rock.

A roadside lake on the Klondike Highway roughly 68 km north of Whitehorse where, on the evening of December 11, 1996, several motorists first reported a massive, silent, multi-light object hovering over the frozen lake — the opening scene of a sighting corridor that stretched north through Carmacks and Pelly Crossing to Mayo and drew 31 total witnesses.

A Selkirk First Nation community roughly two hours' drive north of Fox Lake where, on the same December 11, 1996 evening, several residents — including the case's only publicly named witness, Don Trudeau — independently reported the same huge, silent, light-covered object continuing north along the sighting corridor.

The nearest Air Force installation to the Betty and Barney Hill encounter site. Barney Hill, an Air Force veteran, noticed the craft performing maneuvers consistent with military precision. Under hypnosis, he recalled being told by a figure that "they had been watched" by a base. Radar at Pease was reportedly not checked during the initial investigation — a significant omission later noted by researchers.

Twin NATO air bases in Suffolk, England, operated by the USAF 81st Tactical Fighter Wing and home to nuclear weapons storage at the time. Security patrols entered Rendlesham Forest on three consecutive nights in December 1980, encountering landed, triangular metallic craft with glowing symbols, elevated beta/gamma radiation, and physical landing indentations.

A long Atlantic-facing beach on Rio de Janeiro's western edge, backed by the granite monolith of Pedra da Gávea and, in 1952, still a sparsely developed stretch of coastline decades before its modern planned district existed. On May 7, 1952, O Cruzeiro photographer Ed Keffel and reporter João Martins produced five photographs here of a disc-shaped object, published as a sensational "Extra" supplement that launched modern Brazilian ufology — the Barra da Tijuca Sighting, later definitively debunked as a staged double-exposure hoax.

The capital of Ceará state in Brazil's Northeast, served in 1982 by Pinto Martins Airport. In the pre-dawn hours of February 8, 1982, VASP Flight 169 — a Boeing 727 captained by Gerson Maciel de Britto — departed Fortaleza bound for Rio de Janeiro and was reportedly paced for roughly ninety minutes by an intensely bright, color-shifting light, the Ceará Boeing 727 Sighting, one of the most-witnessed civil-aviation UFO cases in Brazilian history.

An Andean lake resort city on Lago Nahuel Huapi in Argentine Patagonia, served by the Air Force-administered Teniente Luis Candelaria Airport. On the night of July 31, 1995, Aerolíneas Argentinas Flight 674, a Boeing 727 commanded by Jorge Polanco, was shadowed for roughly seventeen minutes by a maneuvering object as the airport and city lost power below, forcing an aborted landing — the Aerolíneas Argentinas Flight AR674 / Bariloche Incident, corroborated independently by a nearby Gendarmería Nacional aircrew and, decades later, cited in both France's 1999 COMETA report and the United States' 2026 declassified UAP files.

A small farming municipality roughly 70 km west of São Paulo city, on the Tietê River and part of the historic gold-mining district first worked by bandeirante Affonso Sardinha in 1590. On the night of March 4, 1946 — Carnival Monday — farmer João Prestes Filho was struck by an unidentified beam of light inside his home here and died of severe burns within hours, in what became, a quarter-century later, one of Brazilian ufology's most cited fatal encounter cases — the Araçariguama Sighting.

A heather moor roughly 400 metres above sea level, part of the larger Rombalds Moor separating the Wharfedale and Airedale valleys, and home to Bronze Age rock art including the Swastika Stone and the Twelve Apostles stone circle. On the morning of December 1, 1987, a retired police officer known publicly only by the pseudonym Philip Spencer reported photographing a small humanoid figure here while crossing the moor toward East Morton, along with a reversed compass and roughly two hours of missing time — the Ilkley Moor Incident, one of British ufology's most reproduced alleged alien photographs.

A large joint UK–U.S. signals-intelligence station operated on behalf of the NSA, located roughly 10–12 miles east of Ilkley Moor. Investigators researching the December 1987 Ilkley Moor Incident noted the base's proximity as a point of general geospatial context, though no documented flight, radar, or signals record from Menwith Hill has ever been tied to that specific sighting.

A 29-billion-gallon Passaic Valley Water Commission reservoir in the Ramapo Mountains where, on January 11, 1966, Mayor Harry T. Wolfe, three councilmen, and multiple police officers watched a silent, color-shifting object hover over the ice near the Raymond Dam for nearly three hours — the first of a nine-month sighting wave that returned in October 1966. The reservoir sits near the seismically active Ramapo Fault, the basis of a later "earthquake lights" explanation for the case.

Mexico's capital and one of the world's largest metropolitan areas, where on July 11, 1991 hundreds of thousands of residents pointed cameras skyward for a rare total solar eclipse and at least seventeen independent videographers across the city and neighboring states captured footage of a metallic-looking object near the eclipsed sun. The broadcast that followed triggered tens of thousands of viewer calls and helped launch the modern Mexican civilian ufology movement, including the grassroots "Los Vigilantes del Cielo" sky-watching network.

Historic mining city and capital of the Mexican state of Zacatecas, seated on the southern edge of the country's high central plateau. Atop Cerro de la Bufa, the hill overlooking the city's colonial center, astronomer José Bonilla directed the state's Observatorio Meteorológico-Astronómico from a building opened in December 1882, equipped with a telescope France had donated for that year's transit of Venus. Eight months later, on August 12–13, 1883, Bonilla used the same instrument to photograph 447 objects crossing the Sun's disk — a still-disputed case sometimes cited as the first photographs of an unidentified aerial phenomenon. The observatory survives today, renamed in Bonilla's honor.

A small Washtenaw County farm town where, on the evening of March 20, 1966, farmer/truck driver Frank Mannor and his son Ronald reported a hovering, pyramid-shaped object with shifting lights over a wooded swamp on their property. The resulting law-enforcement response — twelve sworn officers on scene, including Sheriff Douglas Harvey and Dexter Police Chief Robert Taylor — made it the anchor location of the Michigan “Swamp Gas” UFO Wave.

A private liberal-arts college whose 14-acre Slayton Arboretum, adjoining the McIntyre women's residence hall, was the site of a four-hour mass sighting on the night of March 21–22, 1966. Approximately 87 students, Civil Defense Director William “Bud” Van Horn, and two city police officers watched a glowing, pulsating object over the arboretum — the second of the two mass sightings that produced the Michigan “Swamp Gas” UFO Wave and Dr. J. Allen Hynek's derided explanation.

Rural farm roads outside Levelland, Texas, where roughly fifteen independent motorists reported a huge glowing egg-shaped object over four hours on the night of November 2–3, 1957, each describing their vehicle's engine and headlights dying as it approached. The Air Force's ball-lightning explanation remains one of the most contested "solved" cases in UFO history.

A dense residential locality of south-east Kolkata straddling the Eastern Metropolitan (E.M.) Bypass, from whose tenth-floor flats a resident filmed a bright, multi-coloured, shape-shifting object over roughly three hours in the pre-dawn hours of October 29, 2007. The broadcast footage drew hundreds of onlookers to the E.M. Bypass itself and prompted rapid comment from two credentialed Kolkata scientists.

A small seaside town on the Sea of Marmara within Istanbul's western Büyükçekmece–Silivri corridor, long popular for summer holiday compounds. Beginning June 20, 2007, night watchman Yalçın Yalman filmed dozens of videos of luminous objects over the water from the nearby Yeni Kent Compound across the following three years, at the center of the Yeni Kent Compound Sighting.

A gated, seasonal holiday housing development (Yeni Kent Sitesi) on the Sea of Marmara shoreline near Kumburgaz, Istanbul. Overnight security watchman Yalçın Yalman filmed more than two dozen videos of crescent- and disc-shaped luminous objects from his shoreline watch post here between June 2007 and 2009, the entire evidentiary basis of the Yeni Kent Compound Sighting.

A small, heart-shaped volcanic maar lake in Costa Rica's remote northern lowlands, between the Arenal and Tenorio volcanoes, held sacred by the local Maleku indigenous people. On September 4, 1971, an automatically-triggered aerial survey camera aboard an Instituto Geográfico Nacional mapping flight — conducted for the state utility ICE ahead of the hydroelectric project that would later flood the adjacent basin to form the enlarged Lake Arenal reservoir — captured a single frame showing a metallic disc over the water, the central evidence of the Lake Cote UFO Photograph case.

An isolated stretch of the Eyre Highway roughly 40 km west of the Mundrabilla Roadhouse, on the treeless limestone Nullarbor Plain between the townsites of Madura and Eucla near the Western Australia–South Australia border. The nearest towns of any size are hundreds of kilometres away, and the flat, treeless, low-light horizon has long made the highway corridor a magnet for reports of unexplained lights, including Queensland's better-known "Min Min Light" phenomenon further east. Faye Knowles and her three sons reported their close encounter here in the pre-dawn hours of January 20, 1988; a second, unrelated light was reported by a bus driver on the same stretch of highway on October 17, 1988. The area is also the findspot of the Mundrabilla meteorite, one of the largest meteorites ever recovered in Australia, discovered in 1911.

An Air Defense Command ground-radar station near Dallas that independently tracked the unidentified target pacing a USAF RB-47H reconnaissance bomber on July 17, 1957, corroborating the aircrew's own airborne-radar and ELINT detections during a chase spanning the Gulf Coast and several states. The same installation's AN/CPS-6B radar, operated by the 745th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron, had independently confirmed a separate unidentified target near Carswell Air Force Base three years earlier, on February 4, 1954.

An Air Force training base west of Phoenix cited in the official military explanation for the Phoenix Lights. The Maryland Air National Guard's 104th Fighter Squadron was conducting A-10 Warthog training at the Barry M. Goldwater Range that night, and military officials later claimed that illumination flares dropped at high altitude were responsible for the stationary lights witnessed across the Phoenix metro area at 10 PM.

A military training range covering 2.7 million acres in southwestern Arizona. The U.S. military's official explanation for the 10 PM Phoenix Lights event implicates illumination flares dropped from A-10s over this range. Critics note the range is far south of the Phoenix corridor and that stationary lights over a moving aircraft are geometrically inconsistent with the witnesses' descriptions of the object's motion.

A joint U.S.–Australian intelligence facility officially described as a satellite ground control station but widely understood to be one of the most important CIA and NSA signals intelligence installations outside the United States. Manages geosynchronous surveillance satellites. Referenced in the context of the North West Cape UAP incidents and broader Pacific theatre UAP tracking capabilities.

Home of the 341st Missile Wing and its Minuteman ICBM launch facilities, scattered across the Montana plains. On March 16 and again on March 24, 1967, all ten missiles at two separate flights — Echo Flight and Oscar Flight — dropped into "No-Go" status within seconds of each other while security guards reported glowing hovering objects nearby; Lt. Robert Salas, on duty at Oscar Flight, has spoken publicly about the March 24 event for decades. The incident remains one of the most cited nuclear-UAP cases on record, though the object reports and the missile failures themselves are separately, and still disputedly, documented. Under its earlier name, Great Falls Air Force Base, two F-94 jet interceptors based here became the centerpiece of the Air Force's contested explanation for Nick Mariana's August 1950 UFO film, shot a few miles away over Legion Park.

The Belgian Air Force's primary fighter base from which two F-16s were scrambled on the night of March 30–31, 1990, to intercept the triangular objects being tracked by ground radar. The F-16s achieved radar lock nine times; each time, the object performed instantaneous acceleration and altitude changes that exceeded the aircraft's sensor and flight envelope capabilities. The incident was formally acknowledged by the Belgian Air Force Chief of Staff.

Two NATO air defense radar stations positioned at opposite ends of Belgium that simultaneously tracked the triangular craft during the Belgian Wave. On the night of March 30–31, 1990, both stations acquired returns consistent with a low-flying object performing aerobatic maneuvers impossible for conventional aircraft. Their corroborating data was pivotal in confirming the event was not a sensor artifact.

An Iranian Air Force base from which the F-4 Phantom jets were scrambled on September 19, 1976, to intercept the anomalous object over Tehran airspace. Two F-4 Phantoms launched in sequence: the first turned back due to instrumentation failure, the second achieved visual and radar contact and fired upon the object — but weapons systems malfunctioned at the moment of engagement. The base is located approximately 330 kilometers southwest of Tehran.

Headquarters of the United States Department of Defense and home to programs at the center of the modern UAP disclosure narrative. The Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP) ran from 2007 to 2012 under Luis Elizondo here. The All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) is also based here. Whistleblower David Grusch alleged illegal UAP legacy programs operating with DoD funding were being withheld from Congressional oversight.

Major U.S. Air Force installation straddling Belleville, O'Fallon, Mascoutah, and Shiloh, Illinois, since 1917; headquarters of Air Mobility Command and U.S. Transportation Command by 2000. Every town involved in the January 5, 2000 St. Clair County Triangle Sightings sits within a few miles of the base, whose own contradictory public statements about its radar coverage that night remain one of the case's central unresolved disputes.

A U.S. Navy air station on the California coast that anchors the Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division and manages the Sea Range training area where the USS Nimitz Carrier Strike Group was operating during the November 2004 Tic Tac encounter. The Point Mugu Sea Range is where USS Princeton's SPY-1 radar first detected anomalous objects descending from 80,000 feet over several days.

A U.S. Air Force base in northeast Mississippi and home of the 14th Flying Training Wing. Referenced in the Ross Barnett Reservoir sighting case as a potential origin point for advanced triangular military aircraft — the nearest major Air Force installation, approximately 180 miles east of the sighting location. The base primarily operates T-38 and T-6 training aircraft.

A former U.S. Army radar installation and base for the 662nd Radar Squadron under the Air Defense Command. On December 9, 1965, three military personnel (including Captain Maurand) were dispatched from Oakdale to Kecksburg, PA, to investigate the reported crash of an acorn-shaped object in the ravine.

A historic U.S. Air Force base (later renamed Rickenbacker AFB) located near Columbus, Ohio. In the aftermath of the Kecksburg UFO crash on December 9, 1965, the base reportedly served as an intermediate stopover point where the covered object was flown or trucked before being transferred to Wright-Patterson AFB.

Home station of the 55th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing and the RB-47H Stratojet that departed here in the early hours of July 17, 1957, at the start of the ELINT training mission during which its crew and an independent ground radar tracked an unidentified target for over an hour across four states. The site now operates as Forbes Field / Topeka Regional Airport.

A USAF technical training installation near Biloxi whose overnight radar classes skeptic Philip Klass proposed as the stray source of the RB-47 crew's first ELINT contact near Gulfport in 1957 — a theory disputed by researchers who note it does not account for the case's later, independently corroborated Texas radar-visual phase.

Home station of No. 23 Squadron RAF during the August 1956 Lakenheath-Bentwaters incident. Its commanding officer, Wing Commander A. N. Davis, was separately diverted from a Coltishall sortie that night to investigate the same unidentified radar returns, complicating later reconstructions of which Venom crews were actually involved.

USAF-tenanted RAF station whose CPS-5 radar, switched into full Moving Target Indicator mode on the night of August 13–14, 1956, tracked a stationary target that repeatedly accelerated instantaneously to 400–600 mph — one of four independent radar and visual sensor systems that reported the same anomalous contact that night, in a case the Condon Committee called "the most puzzling and unusual case in the radar-visual files."

RAF ground-controlled interception radar station on the Norfolk coast where Flight Lieutenant Freddie Wimbledon was the on-duty GCI controller the night of the Lakenheath-Bentwaters incident. His 1978 letter to the Sunday Times revealed it was his own Neatishead team, not USAF personnel physically at Lakenheath, that had actually vectored the intercepting Venom fighters to the target.

Home base of the No. 23 Squadron de Havilland Venom NF.3 night-fighter scrambled to intercept the Lakenheath radar contact on the night of August 13–14, 1956. Its pilot achieved a radar gunlock on the target — calling it "the clearest target I have ever seen on radar" — before it slipped behind his aircraft.

The small Army airfield serving the Fort Knox military reservation. Its control tower was the epicenter of the January 7, 1948 sighting that led Capt. Thomas Mantell to divert his flight of F-51 Mustangs in pursuit of an unidentified object, a chase that ended in his death near Franklin, Kentucky roughly 90 miles to the south.

Ohio air base whose alert crews reported a bright object drifting north on the evening of January 7, 1948, hours after Capt. Mantell's fatal pursuit in Kentucky — a corroborating sighting cited by some researchers as evidence the same Skyhook balloon continued its wind-driven track after leaving Kentucky airspace, though others place the balloon's actual launch site much further northwest.

Air Force base near Macon, Georgia where crew chief Walter Massey independently observed a fire-trailing, cylindrical object roughly an hour before, and 150 miles from, the main Chiles-Whitted encounter on the night of July 24, 1948 — one of the case's few pieces of geographically independent corroboration.

Home of the 54th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron and the 740th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron, both newly activated in early 1953. On the night of August 5–6, 1953, the base's radar station confirmed a Ground Observer Corps report from nearby Black Hawk and scrambled two F-84 Thunderjets, including one flown by Lieutenant Needham, to intercept an unidentified color-changing object — a case Project Blue Book director Edward Ruppelt later called the best UFO report in the Air Force's files. Renamed in 1953 for Brig. Gen. Richard E. Ellsworth, killed in an RB-36 crash that March.

A small unincorporated community roughly ten miles from Ellsworth Air Force Base, near Rapid City. On the evening of August 5, 1953, Ground Observer Corps volunteer Phyllis Killian was posted here when she spotted a stationary red light that reversed course and climbed abruptly, phoning the report directly to Ellsworth's radar station and setting the case's two F-84 intercepts in motion.

A former WWII auxiliary airfield reactivated by Air Defense Command in July 1952 to defend the Soo Locks and the upper Great Lakes. On the night of November 23, 1953, an F-89C Scorpion on temporary duty here, crewed by Felix Moncla and Robert Wilson, was scrambled to intercept an unidentified radar target over Lake Superior and never returned. Renamed Kincheloe Air Force Base in 1959; today the site hosts Chippewa County International Airport.

Home station of the 433rd Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, the F-89C Scorpion unit to which Felix Moncla and Robert Wilson were permanently assigned. Both airmen were on temporary duty at Kinross AFB, Michigan when they disappeared on November 23, 1953; local newspapers reported their loss as "2 Truax Men" missing.

Site of the vital Soo Locks shipping channel and the 753rd Aircraft Control & Warning Squadron radar station ("NAPLES"), which first detected the unidentified target that led to the November 23, 1953 scramble at the heart of the Kinross Incident.

An Italian Air Force base a few miles from Treviso-Sant'Angelo Airport, established in 1954. Its radar center detected the unidentified intruder that led to Giancarlo Cecconi's June 18, 1979 intercept, tracking the object's course and altitude throughout the encounter before reporting its sudden disappearance from the scope.

Home in 1979 to the Italian Air Force's 2° Stormo reconnaissance wing and the base Giancarlo Cecconi was returning to when he was diverted to intercept an unidentified object on June 18, 1979. Its control tower independently observed the object through binoculars and lost visual contact in the same instant Istrana Air Base's radar lost its track. Today operates as the dual civil/military Treviso Airport ("Antonio Canova").

A Brazilian Air Force base on Rio de Janeiro's western outskirts, home to F-5E Tiger II squadrons of the 1º/1º Grupo de Aviação de Caça. On the night of May 19, 1986, two F-5Es — flown by 1st Lt. Kleber Caldas Marinho and Capt. Márcio Brisolla Jordão — scrambled from here to intercept unidentified radar-visual targets during the "Official Night of UFOs."

A Brazilian Air Force base in Goiás state, home to Dassault Mirage III (FAB designation F-103E) interceptor squadrons. On the night of May 19, 1986, three Mirage IIIs — flown by Captains Rodolfo da Silva Souza, Armindo Sousa Viriato de Freitas, and Júlio Cézar Rozenberg — scrambled from here to pursue unidentified targets over southeastern Brazil.

Brazil's planned federal capital, home to CINDACTA I's regional air-defense radar headquarters and the Ministry of Aeronautics building where Minister Octávio Júlio Moreira Lima held the May 23, 1986 press conference confirming the prior week's radar-visual intercepts and telling reporters the Air Force had "no explanation" for what its own pilots had encountered.

The Integrated Center for Air Defense and Air Traffic Control (Centro Integrado de Defesa Aérea e Controle de Tráfego Aéreo), the Brazilian Air Force's regional radar and air-defense command hub covering southeastern Brazil. On the night of May 19, 1986, CINDACTA I's radar independently logged as many as 21 unidentified targets, prompting the Air Defense Operations Center to scramble fighters from Santa Cruz and Anápolis air bases.

Home of Ala 14, a Spanish Air Force fighter wing that flew the Dassault Mirage F1 through the late 20th century. At roughly 00:40 on November 12, 1979, Capt. Fernando Cámara launched from Los Llanos on an alert-interception mission, pursuing unidentified lights near Valencia for ninety minutes during the Manises UFO Emergency Landing case — a scramble whose sortie and maintenance records became part of the eventual 142-page declassified Ejército del Aire file.

A Peruvian Air Force (FAP) fighter base in the high desert roughly 40 km southwest of Arequipa, home to Grupo Aéreo 3's Soviet-supplied Sukhoi Su-22 fighter-bombers. On the morning of April 11, 1980, roughly 1,800 personnel in formation here watched a stationary, light-bulb-shaped object hover over the airfield, prompting the base commander to order Lt. Óscar Santa María Huertas to intercept — a scramble that ended with 64 rounds of 30mm cannon fire producing no visible damage, the La Joya Air Base Incident. A later declassified U.S. cable refers to the same installation as "Mariano Melgar Air Base, La Joya."

A joint civil/military airfield on Finland's southwestern coast that hosted Luftwaffe operations during the Continuation War and later served as a Finnish Defence Forces training field for the Fouga CM.170 Magister jet trainer. On April 12, 1969, a flight controller here directed trainee pilot Tarmo Tukeva to investigate seven hovering objects during the Seven Balloons of Pori incident — the only UFO sighting the Finnish Air Force has ever officially acknowledged.

A joint civil/military airfield roughly 200 km north of Pori on Finland's Gulf of Bothnia coast. Within about a minute of the seven objects departing Pori airspace northbound on April 12, 1969, undetermined radar returns were separately reported here during the Seven Balloons of Pori incident — a temporally suggestive but never formally cross-referenced piece of corroboration.

A NORAD Pinetree Line radar station opened in 1952, 14 miles north of Sudbury, Ontario. On November 11, 1975, the station's search and height-finder radar tracked an unidentified target oscillating between roughly 26,000 and 80,000 feet for nearly six hours while commanding officer Robert Oliver and other personnel watched through binoculars — the only Canadian entry in a CINCNORAD message naming a wave of "suspicious object" sightings at five NORAD/SAC installations that October and November. Downsized and closed in 1986.

Headquarters of NORAD's 22nd Region and its Combat Operations Center, which coordinated Canadian air-defense radar coverage across roughly two and a half million square miles of northern airspace. During the November 1975 CFS Falconbridge incident, the Region's own Air Traffic Control Log Book recorded the sighting reports, radar readings, and the decision to request an American interceptor scramble — the same log later declassified for researcher Palmiro Campagna in 1995.

Home of the Michigan Air National Guard's 171st Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, 191st Fighter-Interceptor Group, which flew the F-106 Delta Dart from 1972 to 1978. On November 11, 1975, two of the squadron's F-106s were scrambled from here under NORAD direction to investigate the radar target being tracked at CFS Falconbridge, Ontario; the crews searched between 8,000 and 30,000 feet and found nothing.

A major U.S. Army Air Forces, and by 1952 U.S. Air Force, installation on the western shore of San Pablo Bay in Marin County, north of San Francisco, used routinely for cross-country aircraft ferrying and personnel transport between West Coast and interior bases. On July 24, 1952, Lt. Cols. John L. McGinn and John R. Barton departed Hamilton Field in a requisitioned twin-engine B-25 bomber bound for Colorado Springs, a flight that would take them over the Carson Sink roughly two hours later.

Headquarters of the Air Defense Command from the command's establishment in January 1951 until its later relocation. The destination of Lt. Cols. John L. McGinn and John R. Barton's B-25 ferry flight on July 24, 1952; on landing here, the two colonels personally telephoned Air Defense Command headquarters and confirmed, through official traffic records, that no civilian or military aircraft had been operating anywhere near the Carson Sink at the time of their sighting.

A major U.S. Air Force installation and rocket-launch range in Florida's Panhandle, whose Gulf Test Range was used during the late 1960s and early 1970s for Air Force-sponsored upper-atmosphere research releasing rocket-launched barium and sodium vapor clouds. On the evening of January 6, 1969, rocket AG7.626 released a barium cloud from Eglin at approximately 7:35 PM EST, reaching roughly 152 km altitude — a release later identified by atmospheric scientist Carl Justus as the likely source of the light Jimmy Carter and fellow Lions Club members watched from Leary, Georgia, roughly 234 km to the west-southwest, that same evening.

Home of Ala 46, one of the largest and most important air bases of the Spanish Air and Space Force, on Gran Canaria's southeast coast. In 1976, fresh off Spain's rushed withdrawal from the Western Sahara, the base's garrison and air-defense posture were at a wartime-adjacent peak when radar operators here and aboard the corvette Atrevida failed to detect anything unusual during the June 22, 1976 Gando Air Base / Canary Islands UFO sighting; base personnel also observed the phenomenon's November 19, 1976 recurrence.

Base Aérea Nº 2, home since May 1953 to Esquadra 20, the Portuguese Air Force's first jet-equipped squadron. On September 4, 1957, four Esquadra 20 pilots led by squadron commander Captain José Lemos Ferreira departed from here on the night navigation exercise documented in The Ota Air Base Encounter. Decades later, as Air Force Chief of Staff, Ferreira personally authorized the civilian CNIFO research commission's access to Ota and to Air Force data for a separate 1980s investigation. Not to be confused with an unrelated November 2, 1982 sighting also associated with the wider Ota area.

Home garrison, established September 1, 1974, of the Czechoslovak People's Army's 51st Helicopter Regiment, which flew Mil Mi-24D Hind gunships from 1978. From November 1985 the regiment maintained a forward Austrian-border patrol detachment at the smaller airfield of Božice, near Znojmo; it was from Božice, not Prostějov itself, that Captain Čestmír Tesařík's Mi-24D crew launched on July 12, 1987 for the intercept documented in The Vranov nad Dyjí Helicopter Incident. The regiment's forward border role shifted to Malacky, Slovakia later that same year, and the unit itself received its honorary title, "Vrtulníkový pluk Dr. Edvarda Beneše," only in 1990 — after the encounter.

The U.S. Air Force's primary West Coast ICBM test-launch and satellite facility, from which Atlas, Titan, and later Minuteman reentry-vehicle test flights were fired down the Western Test Range toward the Kwajalein Atoll impact zone throughout the 1960s. In fall 1964 a routine Atlas reentry-vehicle test launched from Vandenberg became the subject of the Vandenberg AFB Missile Disabling Incident, after 1369th Photographic Squadron officer Robert Jacobs claimed a tracking telescope stationed near Big Sur captured a disc-shaped object disabling the test's dummy warhead — an account base engineer Kingston George has disputed for decades as a misread of ordinary decoy and chaff countermeasures.

A U.S. Army Nike anti-aircraft missile battery roughly three miles north of Loch Raven Dam, operated from 1954 as part of the Washington-Baltimore Defense Area. The site's Nike-Ajax missiles were in the process of being upgraded to nuclear-capable Nike-Hercules interceptors in 1958, the same year of the Loch Raven Dam UFO Incident — a coincidence of timing and proximity this site's case file treats as a genuine, if unproven, contextual factor rather than a resolved explanation.

A French Air Force base straddling Évreux and the adjacent commune of Fauville. On the evening of April 23, 1978, an on-duty officer here watched a fading red light hang at low elevation for sixteen minutes while the base's own radar scope simultaneously logged a faint, matching echo — the encounter investigated by GEPAN (GEIPAN's predecessor) as the Fauville-Évreux Radar Sighting.

Site of a French Air Force air-defense radar station roughly 40 km from Évreux, relayed through the CODA command center at Taverny. It was never asked to confirm (or never could confirm) the weak radar contact logged during the 1978 Fauville-Évreux Radar Sighting; sixteen years later, in 1994, the same station did log an independent unidentified track during the Air France Flight 3532 / Capt. Duboc sighting, though its position disagreed with the aircrew's own account.

A French Navy (Marine Nationale) naval air base on the Crozon peninsula, founded in 1920 as a seaplane station and formally renamed Base d'Aéronautique Navale de Lanvéoc-Poulmic in 1937. Today it hosts three embarked helicopter squadrons (32F, 33F, 34F) and the French Naval Academy (École Navale), relocated here after the Second World War. On the morning of January 13, 2020, GEIPAN investigators asked the base directly whether any of its own aircraft or military drones had been operating nearby when a driver reported three motionless red rectangular lights; the base confirmed none had been, and a Marine Nationale drone instructor separately stated the lights matched no lighting configuration used by any known military drone — a negative institutional check central to this site's Crozon Peninsula Red Rectangles case file.

One of France's oldest continuously active military airfields, established in 1916 and once home to the original American "Escadrille La Fayette." Today BA116 hosts Escadron de Chasse 1/2 "Cigognes," flying Mirage 2000-5F interceptors, roughly six kilometers from the village of Villers-lès-Luxeuil. GEIPAN confirmed a four-aircraft Mirage exercise had launched from the base within the same general time window as the November 26, 2019 sighting investigated in this site's Villers-lès-Luxeuil Triangle case file, but found the tracked jet's timing, elevation, and apparent size did not match the witnesses' own account.

A former NATO dispersal airfield, designated Base Aérienne 184, spanning parts of the communes of Malbouhans and La Neuvelle-lès-Lure. First developed as a grass strip in 1936 and substantially expanded from 1951 as a NATO Dispersed Operations Base, it served throughout the Cold War as a dispersal and exercise field for aircraft — first F-100 Super Sabres, later Mirage III interceptors — based at BA116 Luxeuil-Saint-Sauveur, roughly 16 km away, remaining formally active until its withdrawal from military service on January 5, 1998. This site's own research identifies BA184 as the most likely candidate for the unnamed "nearby air base" that GEIPAN's investigators contacted, without success, while investigating the May 30, 1989 sighting documented in this site's Neuvelle-lès-Lure Gamekeepers' Sighting case file.

For close to half a century, the underground seat of French national air-defense command: CODA (1957), CAFDA (1961), and later CDAOA all operated from a complex carved into old gypsum quarries beneath the town, until the command itself relocated away in 2007 and the base was formally dissolved in 2011 (reactivated in 2024). On January 4, 2010, a pedestrian in the town watched a large, dark, silent triangular object with dim lights at each end cross the sky — the case investigated in this site's Taverny Triangle file, whose own drone hypothesis invokes the separate civilian radar coverage of Paris–Charles de Gaulle Airport, roughly 24 km away, rather than this base's own (by-then-relocated) military network.

One of the Royal Navy's oldest dockyards, guarding the mouth of the Thames Estuary and the naval approach to the Medway anchorage and London itself. On the evening of October 14, 1912, multiple witnesses here and in nearby Queenborough, including a serving naval lieutenant, reported an aircraft engine and a light passing overhead, prompting flares at the nearby Eastchurch aerodrome — the incident investigated in this site's Sheerness Phantom Airship Incident file, formally acknowledged six weeks later by First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill in the House of Commons.

A small Metro-East Illinois town roughly 30 miles east of St. Louis, where a miniature-golf-course owner's roughly 4:00 a.m. report on January 5, 2000 set off the multi-jurisdiction chain of police sightings that became this site's St. Clair County Triangle Sightings case file, which went on to cross Summerfield, Lebanon, Shiloh, Millstadt, Dupo, and O'Fallon before the night ended.

A commune of roughly 2,600 in the Agenais district of Lot-et-Garonne, on the hills above the Lot, Thèze, and Lémance river valleys, directly across the river from the former steel town of Fumel. Its own small aerodrome was the site of the October 23, 2015 sighting at the center of this site's Montayral Aerodrome Object case file.

A small, uncontrolled general-aviation aerodrome (ICAO code LFDX) on the Montayral side of the Lot river valley, five kilometers southeast of the former steel town of Fumel. On the afternoon of October 23, 2015, a man walking his dog near the hangars turned back toward the sky to see a motionless, silent dark shape hang for twenty minutes before vanishing — the subject of this site's Montayral Aerodrome Object, which GEIPAN classified D1 after a hot-air-balloon hypothesis fell short of 50% probability.

A medieval town of roughly 6,900 on the Côtière ridge east of Lyon, its upper quarter anchored by the 14th-century Tour carrée and a former Knights Templar commandery. At 3:10 a.m. on May 14, 2022, a resident on his apartment balcony watched a silent, anthracite-grey rectangular object cross the sky in eight seconds, visibly deforming the clouds behind it — the subject of this site's Montluel Cloud-Distorting Object, a case GEIPAN's own field investigation upgraded to "good" consistency and classified D: unidentified.

Home to Shannon Airport and the Shannon Air Traffic Control Centre, which manages the oceanic and domestic airspace over southwest Ireland and the eastern approach to the North Atlantic Track system. Before sunrise on November 9, 2018, Shannon controllers fielded a rapid sequence of radio reports from a British Airways Boeing 787 (callsign Speedbird94), a Virgin Atlantic Boeing 747 (Virgin76), and a Norwegian Air International 737, each describing extremely bright, fast-moving lights near their high-altitude tracks off the County Kerry coast — the incident at the center of The 2018 Irish Airspace UFO Sightings. The exchange, in which controllers confirmed "nothing showing on either primary or secondary radar," was later published publicly and prompted a formal Irish Aviation Authority occurrence investigation.

A small city in the Bear River Valley of Box Elder County, northern Utah, roughly fifteen miles north of the Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge and the Great Salt Lake — one of the most significant gull nesting habitats in the western United States. Seven miles north of town on U.S. Highway 30, Navy Chief Warrant Officer Delbert Newhouse and his family filmed roughly a dozen bright, disc-shaped objects on July 2, 1952, producing one of the two most intensively analyzed motion-picture UFO cases of the Cold War era. The town's proximity to the Great Salt Lake's gull population became the central fact underpinning the Robertson Panel's official "birds" verdict on the film.

A hill town of roughly 2,300 residents at 769m elevation in the upper Trebbia valley, about 20km northeast of Genoa. In the hamlet of Marzano, on its outskirts, security guard Pier Fortunato Zanfretta reported his December 6–7, 1978 close encounter near the "Casa Nostra" villa, the first of eleven incidents reported through 1981. English-language sources note the town is "popularly known as the UFO capital of Italy" as a direct result of the case.

A hill overlooking Genoa on the city's eastern outskirts. On July 30, 1979, Pier Fortunato Zanfretta disappeared while on scooter patrol near Quarto and was found hours later, disoriented, atop Monte Fasce, roughly two kilometers from his abandoned Vespa — the third of his eleven reported encounters.

New Mexico's largest city and the geographic center of the late-1948 Green Fireballs wave, sitting within roughly a hundred miles of Los Alamos, Kirtland Air Force Base, Sandia Base, and the University of New Mexico. Beginning in late November 1948, residents across the city and surrounding region reported brilliant green fireballs streaking silently overhead, launching an investigation that reached the highest levels of the nation's atomic-weapons security establishment.

The rural riverbank corridor south of Fayetteville and Hope Mills where, on the night of January 8, 2007, homebuilder Chris Bledsoe Sr. and four companions reported maneuvering orange lights, a large luminous object, and small humanoid entities during a fishing trip, followed by roughly four hours of missing time — the origin point of the "UFO of God" contact events. The exact stretch of riverbank has never been publicly disclosed. The area sits adjacent to Fort Bragg and the Pope Army Airfield/Simmons Army Airfield airspace.

A small Rockingham County town roughly ten miles from Pease Air Force Base, and the site of the September 3, 1965 police-corroborated sighting made famous by the Exeter Police Department and journalist John G. Fuller's bestselling book. The actual encounter took place on rural Kensington Road (NH Route 150), a few miles south of the town center.

Small farming community in the Smoky Hills region of north-central Kansas, roughly seventy-five miles north of Wichita. On November 2, 1971, sixteen-year-old Ronald Johnson witnessed a glowing, mushroom-shaped object hover near a tree grove on his family's sheep farm just outside town, leaving behind a persistent, chemically anomalous soil ring that became one of ufology's most laboratory-analyzed physical-trace cases. The site is distinct from the unrelated "UFO Capital of Kansas" tourist attraction in Geneseo, roughly seventy-five miles to the southwest.

Small hillside commune on the Nartuby river in the Var department of Provence, southeastern France. On January 8, 1981, retired mason Renato Nicolaï observed a lead-gray, saucer-shaped object land briefly on the lower terrace of his garden here, leaving a compressed and thermally altered soil ring later investigated by GEPAN, the government UAP study unit inside France's national space agency CNES — one of the very few UFO cases in the world in which a national space agency's own scientists directly conducted the physical and biochemical trace analysis.

A tiny cattle-farming commune on the high, volcanic Saint-Flour plateau in France's Massif Central, roughly 15 km southwest of Saint-Flour. On the morning of August 29, 1967, siblings François and Anne-Marie Delpeuch reported four small black humanoid figures boarding a hovering metallic sphere at the Les Tuiles pasture just outside the village — a case later reconstructed on-site by GEPAN founder Claude Poher in 1978 and cited in the 1999 COMETA defense report.

Hilltop village overlooking the lavender-growing Plateau de Valensole, in the department then called Basses-Alpes (renamed Alpes-de-Haute-Provence in 1970). On July 1, 1965, farmer Maurice Masse reported a close-range encounter with a landed, six-legged egg-shaped craft and two small humanoid beings in a lavender field roughly 2 km outside the village, leaving a hardened, geometrically patterned ground trace that Digne gendarmerie investigators documented within about a day — a case Jacques Vallée later called "the best-authenticated close encounter incident in continental Europe," though GEPAN would not exist to investigate it in real time for another twelve years.

Small commune on the Douai–Blanc-Misseron rail line in the Nord department, barely 2 km from the Belgian border. On September 10, 1954, metalworker Marius Dewilde reported a landed, silent craft with two small humanoid figures on the railway tracks beside his home, leaving five deep, symmetrical marks on the wooden rail sleepers that French air police and the DST examined within roughly a day — the opening case of the autumn 1954 French UFO wave that Aimé Michel would go on to study.

Neighboring commune to Quarouble on the same Douai–Blanc-Misseron rail line. Marius Dewilde reported his September 10, 1954 encounter to police here shortly after midnight, setting in motion the commissioner's visit and the physical-trace investigation that followed the next morning.

Regional administrative seat of the arrondissement covering Quarouble and Onnaing, roughly 10 km southwest of the 1954 encounter site. Marius Dewilde's case became internationally known as the "Quarouble, near Valenciennes" sighting through contemporary and later press coverage centered on the city.

Yamhill County seat that gave its name to the world-famous Trent UFO photographs, though the actual farm where Paul and Evelyn Trent photographed a metallic disc on May 11, 1950 sat roughly nine miles southwest, nearer the town of Sheridan. The McMinnville Telephone-Register broke the story on June 8, 1950, and the town now hosts the annual McMenamins UFO Festival, one of the largest UFO-themed gatherings in the United States.

The Cascade County seat where Nick Mariana filmed two silvery discs over Legion Park on August 15, 1950, in what became one of the earliest and most analyzed motion-picture UFO records in history. Home to nearby Malmstrom Air Force Base (known as Great Falls Air Force Base until 1955), the city has logged more than 100 additional UFO reports since 1950, and its Pioneer League baseball club renamed itself the Great Falls Voyagers in 2008 in a nod to the incident.

A small Cascade County town roughly 40 miles southeast of Malmstrom Air Force Base where truck driver Ken Williams reported a domed object pacing his vehicle before landing in a nearby canyon in the early hours of March 24, 1967 — the same overnight period as the Oscar Flight missile shutdown. Project Blue Book field investigator Lewis Chase found broken brush at the site but recorded the search's outcome as "negative results."

Built in 1940 and known as Legion Park until 2007 (today Centene Stadium), this municipal ballpark was the home field of the Great Falls Electrics/Selectrics when general manager Nick Mariana filmed two rotating silver discs passing over the grandstand and water tower on the morning of August 15, 1950, with his secretary Virginia Raunig as a corroborating witness.

The remote wilderness region in northwest Canada where a cylindrical, unidentified high-altitude object was shot down by a U.S. F-22 fighter jet on February 11, 2023, under joint authorization from Prime Minister Trudeau and President Biden.

The territorial capital on the northern shore of Great Slave Lake where, on the night of January 29, 2023, the flight crew of Canadian North Flight 5071 reported two unidentified white lights "dancing" in a circular pattern on approach to Yellowknife Airport (CYZF) — visible for the full descent and landing, yet undetected by radar or the aircraft's own TCAS.

Canada's Pacific coast metropolis, sitting almost exactly astride the 49th parallel — a latitude band peer-reviewed UBC research identifies as a maximal-impact zone for satellite-megaconstellation visibility. On the night of August 19, 2022, hundreds of residents across Metro Vancouver and, independently, across Greater Victoria and southern Vancouver Island roughly 100 km away, filmed a slow-moving "train" of lights later identified as the freshly deployed SpaceX Starlink 4-27 satellite batch.

The airspace near Prudhoe Bay on the northern coast of Alaska, where the first of three unidentified high-altitude objects was shot down by a U.S. F-22 on February 10, 2023, after being tracked by NORAD radar entering U.S. territory.

A small community just above the Arctic Circle in Alaska's sparsely populated interior, near whose airspace the crew of Japan Air Lines Cargo Flight 1628 first reported two unidentified objects and, later, a giant "mothership" on November 17, 1986, while cruising at 35,000 feet.

Alaska's largest city, home to the FAA's Anchorage Air Route Traffic Control Center, which reported an intermittent radar contact pacing Japan Air Lines Cargo Flight 1628 in 1986, and the destination airport where the crew was interviewed by FAA security investigators within hours of landing.

The New York island whose airspace forms the departure corridor for transatlantic flights out of JFK International Airport, over which the crews of Lufthansa Flight 405 and British Airways Flight 226 independently reported a cylindrical, green-trailed object on the night of November 17, 1995.

Home to the FAA's Boston Air Route Traffic Control Center, whose controllers fielded the Lufthansa 405 and British Airways 226 radio reports on November 17, 1995, found no traffic on their own radar, and escalated the query to the U.S. Navy's "Giant Killer" air-defense facility.

The location off the coast of Myrtle Beach where a U.S. F-22 fighter jet shot down a Chinese high-altitude surveillance balloon on February 4, 2023, setting off the series of airspace tracking recalibrations and subsequent UAP shootdowns.

The airspace above Lake Huron, where a U.S. F-16 fighter jet shot down an octagonal unidentified aerial object on February 12, 2023. The object was tracked traveling at 20,000 feet before being engaged near the international border.

The north-central Montana community over which NORAD's recalibrated radar first logged the object later shot down over Lake Huron, on the night of February 11, 2023, before it was reacquired the next morning drifting east across Wisconsin and Michigan.

The remote sheep ranch managed by Mac Brazel where the historic Roswell debris field was discovered in June 1947. Brazel described the debris as a 200-yard wide field of strange metallic foil, balsa-wood-like sticks, and resilient memory metal that could not be burned or cut.

A third proposed crash site northwest of Roswell. Jim Ragsdale claimed to witness the craft collide with a cliff face here after skipping off the debris field at Foster Ranch, supporting the 'Skip/Bounce' trajectory theory.

A historic U.S. Army installation in San Pedro. During the Battle of Los Angeles, Fort MacArthur served as a key command post for the 37th Coast Artillery Brigade, deploying radar arrays and launching anti-aircraft fire against unidentified objects tracked off the coast.

A high-altitude desert basin in western New Mexico. In Roswell research, this location is widely cited as the "secondary crash site" or "body site," where civil engineer Barney Barnett and a group of archeology students reportedly stumbled upon a metallic disc and alien bodies.

The active stratovolcano in the Cascade Range near where pilot Kenneth Arnold witnessed nine crescent-shaped objects flying in formation at an estimated speed of 1,700 mph on June 24, 1947, launching the modern "flying saucer" era.

An island in Puget Sound, the site of the controversial June 21, 1947, encounter where Harold Dahl claimed doughnut-shaped craft dropped hot metallic slag onto his boat, killing his dog. Under military investigation, the event was labeled a hoax, but a subsequent B-25 crash carrying slag samples killed two officers.

The scenic mountain range containing U.S. Highway Route 3. While driving south through this region on September 19–20, 1961, Betty and Barney Hill observed a silent, structured craft that descended over their car, leading to the first widely publicized "abduction" and two hours of missing time.

The restricted Navy training airspace off the Virginia and Florida coasts where F/A-18F Super Hornet aircrew of the USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71) Carrier Strike Group reported near-daily radar and infrared UAP contacts from summer 2014 through March 2015, including the January 21, 2015 encounters that produced the "Gimbal" and "GoFast" videos.

The naval sector where the USS Nimitz carrier group and USS Princeton guided-missile cruiser tracked anomalous radar targets and dispatched Commander David Fravor and Lt. Commander Alex Dietrich to visually intercept the Tic Tac UAP in 2004.

A large pine forest adjacent to the twin NATO bases RAF Bentwaters and RAF Woodbridge. Security patrols entered this forest on three consecutive nights in December 1980, encountering landed, triangular metallic craft with glowing symbols, elevated beta/gamma radiation, and physical landing indentations.

The multi-city flight corridor across Arizona where thousands of civilian witnesses watched a silent, massive V-shaped or boomerang craft block out the stars as it glided south from Prescott over Phoenix toward Tucson on March 13, 1997.

The 33,000-acre reservoir on the Pearl River. The site of a personal close encounter in 2012 by the founder of The Omni Ledger, who witnessed a silent black triangular craft tracking the shoreline at low altitude for seven miles, prompting the creation of this archive.

The wilderness site where amateur geologist Stefan Michalak encountered two glowing, saucer-shaped objects in May 1967. When one craft took off, it released a blast of hot gas from a grid-pattern exhaust vent, burning a grid of circular holes into his chest and shirt.

The metropolitan airspace of Tehran. In September 1976, residents reported brilliant glowing objects hovering over the capital. Two Iranian Air Force F-4 Phantom interceptors were scrambled; both suffered total weapons and communications system failures on close approach.

A private primary school where 62 children witnessed a landed silver disc and two slender, large-eyed beings during recess. The encounter was investigated extensively by Dr. John Mack and Cynthia Hind.

The forest clearing where Travis Walton and his wood-thinning crew observed a hovering metallic disc. When Walton approached, he was struck by a beam of light, triggering a five-day disappearance.

The border region where the Belgian UFO wave began on November 29, 1989. Two gendarmerie patrolmen tracked a silent, low-flying triangular craft with a central red light for over an hour.

Site of the historic July 26, 2023, House Oversight Committee hearing where whistleblower David Grusch, fighter pilot Ryan Graves, and former Commander David Fravor testified under oath about UAP. Grusch claimed the U.S. government has been running illegal non-human intelligence recovery programs for decades.

An open field within the Rendlesham Forest complex where a triangular craft was observed hovering and landing on the second night of the Rendlesham incident. Named in Larry Warren's account and the Halt memo.

The city at the center of the most famous UFO case in history. In July 1947, rancher Mac Brazel discovered a debris field 75 miles north of Roswell. The material was brought to Roswell Army Air Field, where it was processed and flown to Fort Worth. The subsequent press release — announcing the recovery of a "flying disc" — was retracted within hours. The city now hosts the International UFO Museum and Research Center.

A Union Pacific railroad and oil-patch town in south-central Wyoming's high desert. On October 25, 1974, oil-rig foreman Carl Higdon set out from Rawlins to hunt elk in McCarty Canyon, roughly 40 miles south in the Medicine Bow National Forest, where he reported meeting a humanoid entity and being taken aboard a craft — the case investigated by University of Wyoming psychologist Dr. Leo Sprinkle and profiled in Flying Saucer Review and the APRO Bulletin.

The precise location in the White Mountains where Betty and Barney Hill had their first close encounter on September 19–20, 1961. Driving south on U.S. Route 3 near Indian Head mountain, Barney stopped the car, stepped out with binoculars, and observed the craft with humanoid figures through its windows at approximately 50–80 feet before fleeing.

The primary skeptical counter-explanation for the Rendlesham Forest Incident. The lighthouse rotates and flashes a bright beam visible through the forest tree line. Skeptics argue USAF personnel may have been tracking it. Proponents note that security patrols regularly walked the forest and would have recognized the lighthouse, and that witness descriptions of a metallic craft are inconsistent with a lighthouse beam.

A small village near Verviers notorious as the origin of the Belgian Wave's most famous — and later discredited — photograph. In July 2011, welder Patrick Maréchal confessed on Belgian television that the famous triangular photo was a Styrofoam model. The confession debunks the photo but does not explain the thousands of other sightings in the Wave.

A reservoir dam in the Ardennes tracked as the destination of the triangular craft on November 29, 1989 — the opening night of the Belgian UFO Wave. Gendarmerie officer Dieter Plumanns tracked the silent, low-flying craft for over an hour as it moved slowly from Eupen toward the reservoir at an estimated 200–300 feet altitude.

A small village near Gembloux, site of a major Belgian Wave sighting on December 11, 1989. Multiple witnesses observed a massive triangular craft with three white corner lights and a red central light hovering in near-silence before drifting slowly away. The consistent, independent witness reports from this location helped SOBEPS establish the sighting pattern.

A 2-million-acre national forest in east-central Arizona that forms the backdrop of the Travis Walton abduction case. On November 5, 1975, Walton and his seven-man logging crew encountered a hovering craft near Turkey Springs. Walton stepped out and was struck by a beam of light, disappearing for five days while a massive search was conducted through the forest.

Travis Walton's hometown in the White Mountains of Arizona. Walton reappeared in Snowflake on November 10, 1975 — five days after his disappearance — phoning his brother-in-law from a payphone in a confused and disoriented state. The town became the center of the subsequent investigation, media scrutiny, and polygraph testing.

The first reported location in the Phoenix Lights corridor on March 13, 1997. At approximately 8:15–8:17 PM MST, multiple witnesses in Prescott and Prescott Valley reported a large V-shaped formation of lights moving silently to the southeast at low altitude — the opening data point in a chain of sightings that swept 300 miles across Arizona toward Tucson over two hours.

The city in central Washington State that private pilot Kenneth Arnold was flying from when he witnessed nine crescent-shaped objects near Mount Rainier on June 24, 1947. Arnold stopped in Yakima after the sighting and reported it — setting in motion the first major wave of "flying saucer" reports in history.

A satellite town approximately 20 kilometers east of Harare and the site of the September 16, 1994 Ariel School encounter — one of the most compelling mass child witness UAP events in history. Sixty-two children reported witnessing a craft land in scrubland adjacent to their school, with beings near it who transmitted mental messages about environmental destruction.

A rural region in Semnan Province where the secondary object observed during the 1976 Tehran UFO incident descended to the ground. During the F-4 intercept, crew members observed a smaller bright object detach from the primary UAP and descend here. An Iranian military helicopter investigated the landing site the following morning.

A remote stretch of Nevada State Route 375, now officially designated the "Extraterrestrial Highway," near the tiny community of Rachel. Bob Lazar brought Gene Huff and John Lear here on multiple Wednesday evenings in 1989 to observe scheduled test flights of advanced craft from S-4. On March 15 and 22, 1989, they witnessed a disc performing dramatic hovering and acceleration maneuvers over the restricted test range. On March 29, they were detained by Indian Springs security personnel.

A 2,729 km² provincial park in eastern Manitoba encompassing the pre-Cambrian Shield landscape where the Falcon Lake Incident occurred on May 20, 1967. Michalak was prospecting for minerals along Falcon Lake's western shore when he encountered two oval craft. Subsequent radiation surveys of the landing site by the Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment confirmed elevated soil radioactivity.

The dense, wooded ravine near Kecksburg, PA, where on December 9, 1965, a glowing, acorn-shaped object landed after streaking across the skies of several U.S. states and Canada. Witnessed by local residents and firefighters, the site was immediately cordoned off and secured by State Police and U.S. Army personnel who removed the object under cover of darkness.

The West Texas county, centered on its seat of Levelland, across whose rural farm-to-market roads roughly fifteen independent motorists reported a huge glowing egg-shaped object and matching vehicle electrical failures over four hours on the night of November 2–3, 1957.

The largest city of the Texas South Plains, roughly 30 miles east of Levelland on the Llano Estacado, cited in the November 1957 Levelland case as the nearest major population center; Lubbock was independently the site of the well-known 1951 "Lubbock Lights" formation sighting, a separate and unrelated case witnessed by Texas Technological College professors and photographed by freshman Carl Hart Jr.

Founded in 1923 and renamed Texas Tech University in 1969, the college whose faculty — geologist W.I. Robinson, chemical engineer A.G. Oberg, and petroleum engineering department head W.L. Ducker — witnessed the first Lubbock Lights sighting from a nearby backyard on August 25, 1951. Freshman Carl Hart Jr., also enrolled at the college, photographed the lights five days later.

The vast, flat "Staked Plains" tableland of West Texas and eastern New Mexico on which Levelland sits. Its treeless, unlit grid of farm roads gave 1957 motorists an unobstructed, multi-mile line of sight that made the reported object exceptionally conspicuous against the night sky.

Near this city the unidentified ~3,000 MHz signal that had shadowed a USAF RB-47H bomber for over an hour, across Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas, finally faded from the crew's ELINT receivers on the morning of July 17, 1957, marking the end of the pursuit.

Over the Gulf of Mexico near this Mississippi coastal city, Electronic Warfare Officer Frank McClure's ALA-6 receiver registered the first unexplained 2,800–3,000 MHz signal of the July 17, 1957 RB-47 encounter — a contact that appeared to orbit the aircraft's own position rather than holding a fixed bearing, a detail central to the case's later technical debate.

Near this rural northeastern Louisiana town, the RB-47's pilot and copilot had their first visual sighting of the July 17, 1957 encounter: an intensely bright, bluish-white light that crossed the aircraft's flight path at an angular velocity neither pilot said he had ever seen matched by a conventional aircraft, before abruptly "blinking out."

The East Anglian county home to the USAF-tenanted RAF stations Bentwaters and Lakenheath, where radar operators tracked the anomalous high-speed and stop-and-go targets of the August 13–14, 1956 incident. The same clear night produced an unusually heavy concentration of Perseid meteor activity, a detail later weighed in the case's technical analysis.

A Cambridgeshire cathedral city where civilian witness John Killock reported watching a fast-moving white light and, separately, a Venom night-fighter in August 1956 — an account he made public in a 1978 letter to the Daily Express during the press resurgence of the Lakenheath-Bentwaters case. Researchers later identified a Coltishall-based Venom's aborted sortie as a plausible explanation for the sighting.

The Gangetic-plain city that anchors the Ramayana's vimana narrative, in which the god-king Rama is described returning here by flying chariot from Lanka. No physical site, artifact, or debris has ever been associated with the story, distinguishing it sharply from modern UAP incident files.

The western Indian coastal city associated with Krishna in the Mahabharata, around which several of that epic's vimana episodes are set. Like Ayodhya, it functions as literary and religious geography rather than a documented physical incident site.

The city where Vatican Egyptologist Alberto Tulli reportedly encountered the papyrus fragment that would become known as the Tulli Papyrus in an antiquities dealer's shop around 1933–34, making a rapid handwritten copy of its hieratic text rather than purchasing the object outright. That copy is the only version of the document that has ever surfaced.

The vast Egyptian temple complex on whose walls Thutmose III's scribe Thanuny inscribed the extensively documented "Annals of Thutmose III." The alleged "fiery discs" episode central to the Tulli Papyrus story appears nowhere in these or any other inscription securely dated to his reign.

The Free Imperial City above which, at daybreak on April 14, 1561, townspeople reported a sky filled with globes, crosses, tubes and colored streaks that appeared to clash before falling to earth. Printer Hans Glaser's illustrated broadsheet of the event remains one of the most reproduced primary sources in historical UFO literature, though its geometry closely matches a sundog/parhelia display.

A Hanseatic university city on the Baltic coast of what was then East Germany, a few kilometers from the Greifswald Nuclear Power Plant (Kernkraftwerk Nord) at Lubmin and the former V-2 rocket site at Peenemünde. On the evening of August 24, 1990 — five weeks before German reunification — residents here and across the Greifswalder Bodden photographed and filmed two formations of luminous spheres hovering for up to an hour in the Greifswald Lights case, investigated by physicist Illobrand von Ludwiger's MUFON-CES team.

A major Baltic port city roughly 60 km west of Greifswald whose German Weather Service station recorded the cloud cover and wind data cited in the Greifswald Lights investigation, and among the towns from which residents and tourists reported observing the August 24, 1990 light formations.

The Swiss Confederacy city above whose Basel Minster residents reported a blood-red sunset, a total lunar eclipse, and a blood-red sunrise on July 27–28, 1566, followed on August 7 by fiery-red and black cannonball-like spheres that appeared to clash before the sun. Scripture scholar Samuel Coccius and printer Samuel Apiarius's illustrated broadsheet is the closest documented parallel to the 1561 Nuremberg celestial phenomenon.

The historic treaty-port city, once ringed by nine foreign concessions, where a Tientsin street photographer allegedly captured the single disputed-date (1911 or 1942) photograph at the center of the Hopeh Province Sighting — showing a crowd gazing up at a dark, hat-like object over a busy commercial street. Occupied by Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945), the era to which most sources date the photograph.

The Rome residence of the priest brother of Vatican Egyptologist Alberto Tulli. Per the Tulli Papyrus story, Tulli's personal papers passed here under his will after his 1950 death, and it was from this estate — roughly three years later — that his hieratic copy of the papyrus text first became publicly known, via a Fortean magazine rather than an Egyptological publication.

The approximate location of the naru kabari, the large Euphrates irrigation canal near Nippur that most historical-geographical scholarship identifies with the biblical "river of Chebar" — the site where the exiled priest Ezekiel, living among a documented community of Judean deportees, recorded his inaugural vision of the four living creatures and "a wheel within a wheel" in 593 BCE. No archaeological site or debris field is tied to the account; the identification rests on textual and cuneiform-archive evidence (including the Al-Yahudu tablets) rather than a fixed excavated location.

The fortified Phoenician island city, now a UNESCO World Heritage site on the Lebanese coast, that Alexander the Great besieged for roughly seven months in 332 BCE. The real siege — causeways, fire-ships, and red-hot shields hurled from the walls — is extensively documented by Arrian, Curtius, Diodorus, and Plutarch. The popular modern claim that "flying shields" were seen circling overhead appears in none of them; see this archive's file for the claim's real, fully traceable 20th-century origin.

The location Plutarch names for the "wine-jar shaped" sky-fire that fell between the armies of Lucullus and the Sertorius-allied commander Marcus Marius, c. 74 BCE, in the opening year of the Third Mithridatic War. Otryae is not securely identified by modern historical geography; the coordinates given here are an approximate regional placement in interior Phrygia, not a confirmed excavated site.

An ancient Apulian city, near modern Foggia, where Livy records that "shields were seen in the heavens" and red-hot stones fell from the sky in 217 BCE, formally reported to and reviewed by the Roman Senate and decemviri sacris faciundis on the eve of the Battle of Lake Trasimene.

Capt. Thomas Mantell's own hometown, and the site of his fatal crash on January 7, 1948, in a farm field roughly five miles southwest of town — some 90 miles south-southwest of Godman Field, where his fatal pursuit began. The Simpson County Historical Society dedicated a state historical marker to Mantell here in 2001.

Sparsely populated Red River Valley farm county in Minnesota's extreme northwest corner, near the North Dakota border. On the night of August 27, 1979, Marshall County Deputy Sheriff Val Johnson reported an intense light striking his patrol car on a rural highway here — one of the most physically documented single-witness UFO encounters in American history.

The exact rural highway junction, roughly ten miles west of Stephen, where Deputy Val Johnson turned to investigate a bright light and, by his account, was struck and rendered unconscious for roughly 39 minutes on August 27, 1979. Investigators documented 99 feet of skid marks and a glass/debris field extending some 854 feet from where the patrol car came to rest.

Small Marshall County town roughly ten miles east of the site of Val Johnson's August 27, 1979 encounter. Stephen's own deputy responded to the scene and Johnson was carried from here by ambulance to a hospital in Warren for treatment of eye injuries resembling welder's burns.

County seat of Marshall County, home to the Marshall County Sheriff's Office that investigated Val Johnson's 1979 encounter and to the local newspaper, the Sheaf, that first reported it. Johnson's actual damaged patrol car — windshield, hood, headlight, and antennas exactly as found in August 1979 — remains on permanent public display at the Marshall County Historical Society Museum here, the museum's single most-visited artifact.

Strategic Air Command installation roughly sixty miles west of the Val Johnson encounter site, across the North Dakota border. Johnson initially suspected the light he saw might be a distressed aircraft out of Grand Forks; the U.S. Air Force and FAA later confirmed no aircraft were scheduled or reported flying in the area that night, ruling out the simplest version of the theory. Grand Forks was also named, in late October/early November 1975, as one of ten northern-tier bases ordered to Security Option 3 alert amid the wider 1975 SAC base intrusion wave — but dedicated research found no primary document placing an actual confirmed sighting at Grand Forks itself during that wave, unlike the five other bases it names.

Small Saunders County farm town roughly 25 miles northeast of Lincoln where patrolman Herbert Schirmer was on overnight rounds on December 3, 1967, when he encountered a landed/hovering disc at the nearby junction of U.S. Highway 6 and Nebraska Highway 63. Schirmer was briefly named the town's police chief in the encounter's aftermath before resigning amid the case's fallout.

Roughly 20 miles northeast of here, over rural central Alabama, Eastern Air Lines Capt. Clarence Chiles and First Officer John Whitted encountered a wingless, cigar-shaped object at 5,000 feet on the night of July 24, 1948 — one of the three 1948 "classic" cases that fed Project Sign's classified Estimate of the Situation.

Over the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay near this city, approaching Norfolk and adjacent to Langley Field, Pan American World Airways First Officer William B. Nash and Second Officer William H. Fortenberry watched eight glowing red-orange discs maneuver alongside their DC-4 on the night of July 14, 1952. At least seven independent ground witnesses across the surrounding Hampton Roads area reported similar lights the same evening, and NASA-Langley aerodynamicist Paul R. Hill witnessed a related formation from the ground two days later.

Departure point of Eastern Air Lines Flight 576 on the night of July 23–24, 1948, the overnight passenger and mail run bound for Atlanta, Georgia that carried Capt. Clarence Chiles, First Officer John Whitted, and passenger Clarence McKelvie into their encounter over Alabama a few hours later. Also the city where retired butcher Charles Dellschau produced his Sonora Aero Club notebooks between 1899 and 1922, decades after the club's claimed California activity.

NASA's launch site for Apollo 11, which lifted off from Launch Complex 39A on July 16, 1969 carrying Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Buzz Aldrin toward the Moon and, three days later, the crew's unresolved translunar object sighting.

Rural farm country along State Route 224 between the villages of Atwater and Randolph, where sheriff's deputies Dale Spaur and Wilbur Neff first saw a bright, humming, dome-shaped object on April 17, 1966, before pursuing it 85 miles into Pennsylvania. The county seat is Ravenna, where NICAP investigator William Weitzel later recorded Blue Book chief Hector Quintanilla's interview with the witnesses at the Portage County Courthouse.

Rural farmland and reservoir southeast of Mansfield where, on the night of October 18, 1973, an Army Reserve UH-1H Huey crewed by Capt. Lawrence Coyne, 1Lt. Arrigo Jezzi, Sgt. Robert Yanacsek, and Sgt. John Healey nearly collided with a large, gray, cigar-shaped object. The encounter included an instrument-documented anomalous climb and was independently corroborated by ground witnesses along Route 430 near the lake. The case became one of the first major investigations of J. Allen Hynek's newly founded Center for UFO Studies, led by field investigator Jennie Zeidman. Mansfield also sat at the center of the broader Ohio UFO wave of October 1973.

The largest, coldest, and deepest of the Great Lakes, and the site of the November 23, 1953 disappearance of an F-89C Scorpion crewed by Felix Moncla and Robert Wilson, roughly 70 miles northwest of Keweenaw Point. Ground radar tracked the interceptor's blip merge with an unidentified target's over the lake before both vanished; a five-day binational search recovered no wreckage, consistent with the lake's long history of fully consuming wrecks, from 19th-century schooners to the freighter Edmund Fitzgerald in 1975.

Birthplace of 1st Lt. Felix Moncla, born here October 21, 1926. Nearby, at Sacred Heart Cemetery in neighboring Moreauville, a memorial erected by his family bears a plaque reading "Disappeared Nov. 23, 1953 intercepting an UFO over Canadian Border as Pilot of a Northrup F89 Jet Plane," making the site a recurring point of reference in coverage of the Kinross Incident.

A coastal Anglican mission station on Goodenough Bay in Milne Bay, in what was then the Australian-administered Territory of Papua. On the evenings of June 26–27, 1959, missionary Rev. William Gill and up to 38 mission staff, teachers, and villagers watched a disc-shaped craft with humanoid figures on its upper deck hover nearby for nearly four hours, with several witnesses reporting the figures waved back when the group waved at them.

A tropical banana- and cane-farming district in Australia's far-north Queensland, renowned for the highest average rainfall of any town in the country. On the morning of January 19, 1966, banana farmer George Pedley watched a grey, saucer-shaped object rise from the reeds of Horseshoe Lagoon near Euramo and depart at high speed, leaving behind a clockwise-swirled mat of flattened reeds — the first of more than twenty documented "saucer nests" recorded at the same lagoon through 1990.

The world's busiest airport in 2006, where on November 7 of that year roughly a dozen United Airlines pilots, mechanics, and ground crew reported a dark gray metallic disc hovering silently over Gate C17 in Concourse C before punching a clean hole through the overcast as it departed — a case that stayed largely private until a Freedom of Information Act request forced the FAA to acknowledge its own tower audio of the event.

The Midwest's largest metropolis, home to O'Hare International Airport and, in the weeks following the November 2006 O'Hare sighting, a scattering of independent civilian UFO reports from around the wider metro area logged with the National UFO Reporting Center. More than a century earlier, on the night of April 10-11, 1897, a light first spotted on the city's north side drew crowds numbering in the thousands over several hours during the great 1896-97 mystery airship wave — though amateur photographer Walter McCann's claimed photograph of the object was later identified as faked.

Seat of Erath County and self-proclaimed "Cowboy Capital of the World," home to Tarleton State University, roughly 100 miles southwest of Dallas-Fort Worth and partly beneath the Brownwood Military Operating Area. Site of the January 8, 2008 mass sighting in which dozens of residents, including pilot Steve Allen, reported a massive, silent, brightly lit object.

A small Erath County town roughly 12 miles southwest of Stephenville, home to Constable Lee Roy Gaitan, who witnessed the January 8, 2008 lights from his own property, and rancher Ricky Sorrells, who reported an earlier close-range sighting on nearby family land.

A 1,583-acre working ranch near Crawford, Texas that President George W. Bush used as a "Western White House" throughout his presidency, protected by a permanent FAA prohibited area and an expanded temporary flight restriction whenever he was in residence. Roughly 45–50 miles southeast of Stephenville, it became a focal point of the January 2008 Stephenville Lights case after MUFON investigators reported an unidentified radar track moving toward it for over an hour.

Departure point of American Airlines Flight 139, the DC-6B captained by Peter W. Killian that left Newark Airport at 7:10 PM on February 24, 1959, bound for Detroit, roughly seventy minutes before Killian spotted three unidentified lights over central Pennsylvania.

Roughly 13 miles east of where Capt. Peter W. Killian first spotted three color-shifting lights off his DC-6B's left wingtip at 8:20 PM on February 24, 1959, while cruising at 8,500 feet on a heading of 295 degrees — the opening location of a sighting that would go on to be corroborated across two states.

On-duty air traffic control tower personnel here independently reported observing the same three lights at 8:40 PM on February 24, 1959, the same moment corroborating airborne witnesses were tracking the objects along the nearby Youngstown corridor — ground-based confirmation later used by NICAP to triangulate against, and ultimately dispute, the Air Force's refueling-mission explanation.

United Airlines Flight 937, captained by A. D. Yates, tracked three objects on approach to this area between 8:40 and 9:10 PM on February 24, 1959. Ground radar operators here checked for a return on the reported objects and, like Killian's own actively monitored onboard radar, found nothing — one of the case's most analytically significant details.

The general vicinity the U.S. Air Force cited in its March 16, 1959 explanation for the Killian sighting, attributing the reported lights to a KC-97/B-47 aerial refueling mission at roughly 17,000 feet. NICAP investigators disputed the explanation on geographic grounds, noting Bradford lies north of the witnesses' reported flight paths while every observer that night placed the lights to the south.

A University of Michigan professor and his wife independently reported an unusual yellow, dome-topped object near here on February 2, 1959, three weeks before the Killian sighting; the report was forwarded through the FBI's Detroit field office to Air Force intelligence. One of the two American Airlines crews Capt. Peter W. Killian radioed for confirmation on February 24 also reported observing the three lights from the vicinity of Sandusky.

Roughly nine to twelve civilian residents here independently reported three lights moving east to west between 9:15 and 9:20 PM on February 24, 1959, shortly after United Airlines Flight 937 landed at Akron carrying its own corroborating crew report. Civilian investigator George Popowitch, who ran the Akron-based UFO Research Committee, compiled these ground statements alongside the airline crews' accounts into a single report later reproduced in the Project Blue Book case file.

Scheduled destination of American Airlines Flight 139, which landed here at 10:52 PM on February 24, 1959, roughly ninety minutes after the three unidentified lights faded from Capt. Peter W. Killian's view over central Pennsylvania.

A city in Italy's Veneto region, roughly 30 km north of Venice, flanked by two Italian Air Force installations — Treviso-Sant'Angelo Airport and Istrana Air Base. The restricted airspace near the town of Quinto di Treviso, between the two bases, was the site of Giancarlo Cecconi's radar-guided intercept and photographic encounter with an unidentified cylindrical object on June 18, 1979.

Brazil's largest city and the epicenter of the May 19–20, 1986 "Official Night of UFOs," whose radar-visual wave centered on the industrial Paraíba Valley corridor between São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Ground radar at São José dos Campos Airport and Guarulhos control first logged the unidentified targets that would eventually prompt two Brazilian Air Force bases to scramble fighters.

An airport in the São Paulo aerospace-industry city of São José dos Campos, home to Embraer's own headquarters. Its control tower, staffed that night by Sergeant Sérgio Mota da Silva, was the very first station to detect and report the color-changing lights that opened the events of May 19, 1986, and the source of the incident's enduring "flying saucer festival" radio call.

A remote lead-zinc-boron mining town in the Sikhote-Alin mountains of the Russian Far East, founded in 1897 as Tetyukhe and renamed Dalnegorsk in 1973. On the evening of January 29, 1986, more than 100 residents watched a luminous reddish sphere cross the town and descend onto the adjacent hill known locally as Height 611 (Mount Izvestkovaya), where it burned for roughly an hour. Valeri Dvuzhilny's field expedition and the eleven-institute Soviet Academy of Sciences material analysis that followed made the case the closest Soviet-era analogue to Roswell in the Western press — "the Soviet Roswell."

Capital of the Karelian ASSR, a lakeside industrial and port city of roughly a quarter-million people on the northwestern shore of Lake Onega. On the pre-dawn morning of September 20, 1977, thousands of residents — including police, ambulance crews, dockworkers, and three Pulkovo Airport air traffic controllers in nearby Leningrad — witnessed a luminous, jellyfish-shaped object hang over the city for roughly ten minutes, showering it with fine light beams. The event, investigated formally by the USSR Academy of Sciences, is conventionally attributed to the near-simultaneous launch of the Kosmos-955 satellite from the secret Plesetsk Cosmodrome roughly 350 km to the northeast, though several of the Soviet Union's own lead investigators never fully accepted that explanation.

A Soviet military rocket-launch site originally built in the late 1950s as an ICBM base and repurposed into one of the busiest orbital spaceports on Earth by launch volume, servicing reconnaissance, signals-intelligence, and early-warning satellites. Its existence was not publicly acknowledged by the USSR until 1983. At approximately 01:01 UTC on September 20, 1977, a Vostok-2M booster lifted off from Plesetsk carrying the Kosmos-955 satellite — a launch NASA analyst James Oberg independently confirmed occurred within minutes of the Petrozavodsk Phenomenon sighting roughly 350 km to the southwest, and which forms the basis of the case's leading conventional explanation.

A public park in the working-class Levoberezhny (Left Bank) industrial district of Voronezh, a major Soviet city roughly 300 miles south of Moscow, near the Novosibirskaya Street tram stop known locally as "Mashmet" after a nearby machine-tool plant. On the evening of September 27, 1989, dozens of witnesses — predominantly schoolchildren, plus roughly forty adults — reported a glowing red sphere landing here and two to three tall humanoid entities and a small robot emerging before departing, in what became the Voronezh Landing, one of the only UAP incidents ever to receive an official acknowledgment from a national government's own state media (TASS, October 9, 1989). A multi-disciplinary city investigative commission led by Igor Surovtsev examined the site for two months and reported finding no confirmed physical anomaly.

Valencia's civil airport, roughly 170 km northeast of Los Llanos Air Base. On the night of November 11, 1979, TAE flight JK-297 diverted here for an emergency landing after intense red lights paced the aircraft near Ibiza — the first commercial airliner emergency landing in aviation history attributed to a UFO encounter. Ground staff, including the airport director, reported separate unidentified radar and visual contacts near the field as the aircraft landed, part of the Manises UFO Emergency Landing case.

A small farming village roughly 40 km west of Lublin, in the Vistula lowlands of eastern Poland. A forest clearing just outside the village is the traditional site of farmer Jan Wolski's reported May 10, 1978 encounter and abduction — Poland's most famous alleged UFO case. A stone-and-steel memorial, erected in 2005 by the Nautilus Foundation, now marks the site and is reportedly the first monument anywhere built specifically to commemorate an alleged alien abduction.

Peru's second-largest city, in the high desert of the southern Andes roughly 40 km northeast of La Joya Air Base. The surrounding Arequipa Region gives the La Joya Air Base Incident its common name and is where a declassified June 1980 U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency cable places the reported UFO encounter and cannon engagement.

Ontario's largest northern city and a major nickel-mining center, 14 miles south of CFS Falconbridge. In the pre-dawn hours of November 11, 1975, Sudbury and Ontario Provincial Police officers independently reported darting, hovering lights and a cylinder-shaped object over the city, corroborating the radar and visual sightings unfolding at the NORAD station to the north during the CFS Falconbridge incident.

Twin Gold Rush boomtowns in the Sierra Nevada foothills, Columbia alone holding an estimated 15,000–20,000 residents at its 1850s peak. The claimed setting of the Sonora Aero Club, a secret airship-building society described only in the posthumous notebooks of Charles Dellschau, decades after the 1850–1858 period in which he placed it here. No 1850s newspaper, land, court, or church record from either town corroborates the club's existence, and genealogical research has been unable to confirm Dellschau himself lived here during the claimed period.

A rural hamlet in the Town of Kent, Putnam County, where a retired police officer reported the first widely documented sighting of a huge, silent, V-shaped array of lights just before midnight on New Year's Eve, 1982 — the traditional starting point of the Hudson Valley UFO Wave. Over the following years the same low, slow-moving formation was reported by thousands of witnesses across Putnam, Westchester, and Dutchess Counties and into western Connecticut, concentrated along the nearby Taconic State Parkway corridor.

A Putnam County village along Interstate 84, among the most frequently overflown sites of the Hudson Valley UFO Wave. Government employee Dennis Sant reported one of the case's earliest detailed sightings here on March 17, 1983, a week before the large March 24 flap, and resident Bob Pozzuoli captured amateur video of the light formation over the village on July 24, 1984 — footage later analyzed, inconclusively, by a Jet Propulsion Laboratory optical specialist.

A Westchester County town along the Taconic State Parkway corridor that became one of the epicenters of the Hudson Valley UFO Wave. On the night of March 24, 1983, after the Yorktown Police Department switchboard had logged over a hundred calls about lights in the sky, on-duty officer Kevin Soravilla watched a huge, silent, V-shaped array of colored lights pass low over Route 118 near the Triangle Shopping Center before banking sharply and speeding off — one of the case's most cited law-enforcement sightings.

A nuclear power plant on the east bank of the Hudson River, twenty-five miles north of Manhattan. On the nights of June 14 and July 24, 1984, plant security guards reported a huge, boomerang-shaped formation of lights hovering directly over the reactor complex for roughly fifteen minutes, an incident central to the Hudson Valley UFO Wave. Plant operator records and a Nuclear Regulatory Commission FOIA response later stated the agency held no record of the event, a discrepancy that remains part of the case's unresolved paper trail.

A small North Texas farming community roughly thirty miles northwest of Fort Worth, in acute economic decline after an 1888–89 spotted fever epidemic and an 1891 railroad bypass. On April 17, 1897, correspondent S.E. Haydon reported a cigar-shaped "airship" crashed into Judge J.S. Proctor's windmill here and its non-human pilot was buried in the town cemetery — a story the Texas State Historical Association's own history of the town calls "fictional," and which the town's longtime historian, Etta Pegues, later confirmed was invented to attract attention to the dying community. The Aurora Cemetery's 1976 Texas Historical Commission marker references the tale as local legend.

California's state capital, where, on the evening of November 17, 1896, hundreds of residents watched a bright, elongated light with a vague dark shape behind it move slowly across the sky at an estimated 1,000 feet — the opening sighting of the 1896-97 "mystery airship" wave. The object reportedly reappeared five days later, witnessed by the city's own deputy sheriff and district attorney alongside private citizens using telescopes and field glasses. San Francisco attorney George D. Collins's short-lived claim to represent the craft's secret inventor originated from this same sighting days later.

A small Coffey County farm town near which rancher Alexander Hamilton owned property, close to his working ranch across the county line in Woodson County's Everett Township, where his widely publicized April 19, 1897 "cattle lasso" airship story was set. Confirmed in 1976-77 as a fabricated entry in a local "liars' club" tall-tale contest, the Hamilton case remains the wider 1896-97 mystery airship wave's single most thoroughly documented confirmed hoax.

Kansas's state capital, where several hundred residents — including newly inaugurated Governor John W. Leedy — reportedly watched a slow-moving "blood red light" cross the night sky on March 28, 1897, one of the wider mystery airship wave's more credibly witnessed Kansas sightings and a striking contrast with the state's own contemporaneous Alexander Hamilton hoax.

Northwest Iowa city near which farmer Robert Hibbard and other area residents reported early sightings in February-March 1897 as the mystery airship wave's second, larger phase began spreading east from Nebraska into Iowa, ahead of the much larger April burst across Illinois, Kansas, and Texas.

Neighboring towns in the upper Sacramento Valley, Tehama County — Corning an agricultural community known for olive production, Red Bluff the county seat roughly nineteen miles to the north. On Hoag Road east of Corning, on the night of August 13, 1960, California Highway Patrol officers Charles A. Carson and Stanley Scott watched an object reverse a near-ground dive, hover, and sweep their patrol car with a red beam. A Tehama County sheriff's deputy telephoned the U.S. Air Force's Red Bluff Air Force Station, home of the 859th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron and its SAGE-integrated height-finder radar, and briefly obtained a verbal confirmation of an unidentified target on scope before the station's command retracted it the next day. An earlier, unconnected sighting near Red Bluff was also logged by a Ground Observer Corps spotter on August 19, 1952.

A vast alkali playa in the Carson Desert of Churchill County, the ancient lakebed remnant of Pleistocene-era Lake Lahontan, roughly 32 miles long and bounded by the West Humboldt and Stillwater ranges. On July 24, 1952, at 3:40 PM MST, Lt. Cols. John L. McGinn and John R. Barton, flying a B-25 bomber at 11,000 feet along the Green 3 federal airway, watched three silver, delta-shaped objects bank sharply and close to within 400–800 yards before accelerating away in roughly four seconds. Logged as Project Blue Book case #1584, the sighting was never resolved and was later cited by Blue Book chief Edward J. Ruppelt as one of the program's strongest "Unidentified" files.

A small farming town in Calhoun County, roughly forty miles from Jimmy Carter's hometown of Plains. On the evening of January 6, 1969, Carter — then a private citizen between political offices — and roughly ten fellow Lions Club members watched a bright, color-changing light in the western sky while waiting outside the club building for a meeting to begin. Carter formally reported the sighting to the International UFO Bureau in 1973 while serving as Governor of Georgia; later research points to a documented U.S. Air Force barium-cloud rocket release from Eglin Air Force Base, roughly 234 km to the west-southwest, as the likely source.

The northernmost and third-largest of the Channel Islands, a self-governing dependency within the Bailiwick of Guernsey lying roughly ten miles off the Normandy coast. On the afternoon of April 23, 2007, Aurigny Air Services captain Ray Bowyer, flying a scheduled Trislander service toward the island, watched two huge, stationary, bright yellow-gold objects hovering at roughly 2,000 feet over the open sea corridor between Alderney, Guernsey, and Sark. A second airline captain, Patrick Patterson, independently reported a matching sighting from a separate aircraft on an unrelated route minutes later. Jersey's radar recorded no reliable corroborating contact, and the Ministry of Defence's file on the case was eventually released to the National Archives as record DEFE 24/2081/1.

Seat of the Archdiocese of Lyon, where Archbishop Agobard wrote De Grandine et Tonitruis ("On Hail and Thunder") around 815–817 CE, attacking popular belief in tempestarii weather-magicians and sky-ships from a cloud-country called Magonia. It was here, per Agobard's own account, that a crowd nearly stoned four people believed to have fallen from one of the Magonian ships before he intervened — the episode Jacques Vallée later named Passport to Magonia after.

A Frankish hillfort overlooking the Ruhr valley, refortified by Charlemagne in 775 during the Saxon Wars. The Annales regni Francorum (Royal Frankish Annals) record that during a Saxon siege in 776 CE, defenders and besiegers alike reported "the likeness of two shields, red in colour and flaming," moving above the fortress church — a sign the annals credit with routing the attackers. The site is generally identified with the ruined hilltop fortress known today as Hohensyburg, in the Dortmund district of Syburg.

Ruined Cistercian abbey, settled in 1177, in whose library a manuscript now catalogued as British Library Royal MS 15 A XX once sat — the volume in which an anonymous monk recorded twelve genuine Latin ghost stories around 1400 CE, published by M.R. James in 1922. The abbey's name is also, inaccurately, attached in popular UFO literature to a fabricated 1953 "silver disc" hoax that actually originated at nearby Ampleforth.

A small peninsula city bounded by Pensacola Bay and Santa Rosa Sound, incorporated in 1961. Home of building contractor Ed Walters, whose reported November 1987 – May 1988 Polaroid photographs of a hovering craft, first published anonymously in the local Gulf Breeze Sentinel, touched off one of ufology's most famous and most contested photographic cases — and one of its most thoroughly documented hoax exposures after a matching foam model was recovered from Walters's former home in 1990.

A small Victorian-era seaside resort village on the southeastern shore of St Bride's Bay in Pembrokeshire, southwest Wales, roughly seven miles from Haverfordwest. On February 4, 1977, fifteen children at Broad Haven Primary School reported a silver, domed object and a suited figure in a field beside their playground — the opening event of the wider 1977 "Broad Haven Triangle" / "Dyfed Triangle" wave that spread across the surrounding coast over the following months.

An isolated coastal smallholding near St Ishmaels, occupied in 1977 by the Coombs family, roughly four miles from Broad Haven. Beginning in April 1977, the family and their neighbors reported hovering lights, a seven-foot silver-suited figure at a farmhouse window, and unexplained cattle relocations — the most extensively documented later chapter of the wider "Broad Haven Triangle" wave that followed the Broad Haven Primary School sighting.

A NATO-linked Royal Air Force airfield and signals facility roughly ten miles north of Broad Haven, active throughout the 1977 Pembrokeshire UFO wave. No declassified record ties any RAF Brawdy radar contact or aircraft movement to the Broad Haven Primary School sighting; the base is noted in the case's record chiefly as background context for the area's real defense infrastructure.

A subprefecture town of roughly 11,000 people at the foot of the Pyrénées in southwest France. On October 17, 1952, schoolteacher Yves Prigent and dozens of townspeople watched a tilted cylinder and some thirty luminous red spheres shed a white, cotton-like fiber over the town's rooftops and telephone wires — the sighting that gave the modern UFO-adjacent "angel hair" phenomenon its most famous case name, repeated ten days later at Gaillac.

A wine-growing town of roughly 16,000 on the Tarn river, some 230 miles east of Oloron-Sainte-Marie. On October 27, 1952 — ten days after the Oloron sighting — residents including Mme Dore and the Corbières family watched luminous discs and a whitish flying cylinder shed the same gelatinous "angel hair" fiber over the town, an almost exact repeat of the Oloron event that remains one of the best contemporaneously documented angel hair cases on record.

A village of roughly 3,500 people on Cardiff's north-western fringe, at the foot of Garth Mountain, where witness Caz Clarke reported a huge pyramid of lights over nearby fields in the early hours of February 26, 2016, followed by military helicopters and two loud explosions. The Ministry of Defence attributed the night's activity to Exercise Chameleon; archived NOTAMs independently place a real helicopter and parachute-jump exercise centered near neighboring Llantrisant for the exact overnight window.

A 307-metre hill (locally "Garth Mountain," Welsh Mynydd y Garth) between Pentyrch and Llantwit Fardre, visible from most of Cardiff and the Taff Valley. The fields at its base are where Caz Clarke and a neighbor reported the pyramid-shaped light formation of the Pentyrch UFO Incident on February 26, 2016.

An old market town immediately south-west of Pentyrch. Archived UK NOTAMs place both a helicopter exercise and a high-altitude Parachute Jump Exercise, both named Exercise Chameleon, centered almost exactly on Llantrisant for the overnight window of February 25–26, 2016. Llantrisant Forest (locally "Smilog Wood"), a Natural Resources Wales-managed woodland on the town's outskirts, is also the site of the case's disputed tree-damage claim.

A densely built inner-ring industrial suburb almost entirely surrounded by Cincinnati, home in 1949 to roughly 35,000 residents and to Sts. Peter and Paul Church (today Holy Trinity Church, 2420 Drex Avenue). An Army-surplus searchlight purchased for the parish's August 1949 Jitney Carnival caught and held a glowing disc in its beam — the first of ten sightings over the following seven months, the Norwood Searchlight Incident, witnessed by the parish pastor, a Norwood police sergeant, the city's mayor, and a Cincinnati newspaper's managing editor.

A rural town on Gran Canaria's northern coast, and home of Dr. Francisco Padrón León, whose account of a close encounter near the town's Piso Firme road on the night of June 22, 1976 became the signature "flying saucer" detail of the wider, far more mundane Gando Air Base / Canary Islands UFO sighting witnessed simultaneously across five islands. A rumored burned field near the town, investigated the following day, was found by the Spanish Air Force's own investigator to be an ordinary cultivated onion field.

A reservoir on the Dyje river, completed in 1934 and one of South Moravia's most popular inland recreation destinations, a few kilometers from the Austrian border. On July 12, 1987, a Czechoslovak Mi-24D Hind gunship crewed by Captain Čestmír Tesařík, Ivan Pospíchal, and Milan Šero was ordered to shoot down an unidentified cigar-shaped object over the crowded reservoir, the encounter documented in The Vranov nad Dyjí Helicopter Incident; the crew withheld fire over the civilian swimmers below.

An active, horseshoe-shaped volcanic island whose flooded caldera, Port Foster, once hosted Argentine, Chilean, and British research and naval stations within a few kilometers of one another. In June–July 1965, personnel at all three bases independently reported the luminous objects described in this site's Deception Island Sightings, including a 62-minute observation shared by 17 Argentine and Chilean witnesses.

Site of Argentina's Orcadas Base, roughly 1,300 kilometers from Deception Island. On July 3, 1965, two meteorologists here observed an object on a parabolic path at the exact moment two on-site variometers reportedly recorded a sudden magnetic-field disturbance on tape — the one piece of instrumented data in this site's Deception Island Sightings file. A separate August 1965 sighting here reported four objects in formation over Uruguay Bay.

A mountain range on the northern rim of Lake Kukunor (Qinghai Lake), named the Humboldt Range by Russian explorer Nikolai Przhevalsky during his own 19th-century Central Asian expeditions. Nicholas Roerich's Central Asian Expedition camped in this general district in the summer of 1927; the exact campsite is not recorded in any surviving source, but Roerich placed the location as "the Kukunor district, not far from the Humboldt Chain" in his own diary, describing the events of the Roerich Expedition Sighting case file.

A 4,098-foot peak in the Santa Lucia Range roughly 100–130 miles up the coast from Vandenberg Air Force Base, chosen by the Air Force's 1369th Photographic Squadron as a long-baseline camera site for tracking Atlas missile reentry-vehicle tests. It was here, in fall 1964, that officer Robert Jacobs's crew operated the telescope/image-orthicon rig at the center of the Vandenberg AFB Missile Disabling Incident.

A Baltimore municipal water-supply reservoir and dam on the Big Gunpowder Falls in Baltimore County, Maryland, built 1912–1914. On the night of October 26, 1958, witnesses Alvin Cohen and Phillip Small reported a glowing egg-shaped object hovering over one of the reservoir's bridges, during which their car's entire electrical system failed — the central event of the Loch Raven Dam UFO Incident. The reservoir has also drawn a string of less-documented follow-on reports across the decades since, in 1953, 1978, 1983, 1996, and 2000.

A small town of roughly 6,000 people four miles west of Falkirk, central Scotland, sitting at the heart of the so-called Falkirk Triangle (bounded loosely by Stirling, Cumbernauld, and Falkirk). Since businessman James Walker's January 1992 sighting, local councillor Billy Buchanan and researcher Malcolm Robinson have logged an ongoing stream of reports that earned the town the nickname "UFO capital of Scotland" — the subject of the Bonnybridge UFO Wave case file.

A market town of roughly 18,000 people on the western edge of Salisbury Plain, southwest Wiltshire, adjoining the Army's Battlesbury Barracks and the Salisbury Plain Training Area. From December 1964, residents including Marjorie Bye reported unexplained crackling and whining sounds; by mid-1965 the phenomenon, chronicled by journalist Arthur Shuttlewood and photographed by Gordon Faulkner, had expanded into a decade-long national UFO sensation known as the Warminster Thing, drawing thousands of sky-watchers to nearby Cradle Hill and Cley Hill.

The Orange County seat, adjoining the former Marine Corps Air Station El Toro. On August 3, 1965, county highway engineer Rex E. Heflin photographed a hat-shaped metallic object near Myford Road just outside El Toro's perimeter, producing the four Polaroid images at the center of the Rex Heflin UFO Photographs case — among the most extensively re-examined UFO photographs in American ufology.

A small Norman commune immediately adjacent to Évreux Air Base 105, which shares its name in the base's official designation. The nearby air base's duty officer and independent lookout personnel reported the same fading red light here on the night of April 23, 1978, in the case GEPAN investigated as the Fauville-Évreux Radar Sighting.

A small commune roughly 36 kilometers southwest of Toulouse — GEIPAN's own home department — where a single witness reported a 20-second, five-phase sequence of transforming lights on the night of July 8, 2018, investigated at length in The Sainte-Foy-de-Peyrolières Five-Phase Sighting.

A small commune roughly 18 kilometers northeast of Pontoise, in the Oise department, where a retired couple watched an incandescent, flame-fringed orange sphere drift silently past their conservatory skylight on the night of April 24, 2014, investigated in The Bornel Conservatory Fireball.

A farming commune of roughly 2,700 residents just south of Vitré, in the bocage countryside of inland Brittany. Just after 11 PM on June 1, 2014, two on-duty gendarmes on night patrol in the commune's "Le Piquet" area watched a dark, apparently solid mass carrying two small lights hang motionless above their vehicle before it accelerated to "vertiginous" speed and vanished within about two seconds, investigated in The Étrelles High-Speed Object.

A commune of roughly 7,500 people occupying the base of its namesake peninsula on Finistère's Atlantic coast, seat of the Châteaulin arrondissement and home to the Île Longue strategic submarine base within its own territory. Early on the morning of January 13, 2020, a driver on a rural road nearby watched three identical, motionless red rectangular lights hold formation over a road junction for roughly two minutes before departing south and vanishing almost instantly, investigated in The Crozon Peninsula Red Rectangles.

A small farming commune of roughly 310 residents a few kilometers from Luxeuil-les-Bains and the BA116 Mirage 2000 air base. On the evening of November 26, 2019, a married couple driving separate cars home from Vesoul independently observed a large, silent, dark triangular structure hovering low over the village, investigated in The Villers-lès-Luxeuil Triangle.

A small farming commune of roughly 300 residents on the Haute-Saône plateau, partly overlapping the former NATO dispersal airfield of Aérodrome de Lure – Malbouhans (BA184). On the night of May 30, 1989, three gamekeepers on an official patrol watched three flashing lights hover, climb vertically in a zigzag, return, briefly show a fourth red light, and depart — explicitly distinguishing the silent phenomenon from a genuine Jaguar fighter jet that passed minutes later, investigated in The Neuvelle-lès-Lure Gamekeepers' Sighting.

A dense suburban commune of roughly 18,600 residents immediately east of Roubaix within the Lille metropolitan area. On the evening of December 16, 2022, a dog-walker observed three reddish, ring-shaped lights arranged in a triangle drift silently overhead before disappearing in place, investigated in The Hem Ring-Light Triangle.

A sub-prefecture of roughly 40,000 residents on the Scarpe river, home to the UNESCO-listed Beffroi de Douai and the Maison d'Arrêt de Douai remand prison. On the evening of March 27, 2022, a witness in his garden near the prison watched a sharp-edged, coral-colored triangle glide silently past his roofline, investigated in The Douai Prison-Adjacent Sighting.

A small crossroads commune of roughly 3,450 residents on the historic Paris-to-Spain road corridor in Charente, once a center of French Resistance activity moving downed Allied airmen toward the Spanish border. On the evening of September 13, 2022, a resident in his garden watched a white point of light retrace the same arc across the sky some 20 to 30 times over five minutes, investigated in The Ruffec Repeating Light Arc.

A coastal Breton commune of roughly 3,500 residents on the Baie de La Forêt, home to the Port-la-Forêt marina. Before dawn on December 10, 2018, a driver on her own farm lane watched a silent yellow "electric bar" with a fluorescent-green center light turn to face her and hover before departing, investigated in The Forêt-Fouesnant Electric Bar.

A small farming commune of roughly 140 residents in the Orne countryside. In the small hours of June 3, 2020, three friends around a garden bonfire at a holiday home watched two matching bluish lights, wrapped in a halo, cross the sky in total silence before vanishing behind a line of poplars, investigated in The Aunay-les-Bois Triple-Witness Sighting.

A farming commune on the Lévézou plateau. On September 12, 1996, a mother and daughter driving the CD911 out of town watched a silent, car-sized craft with an ovoid skirt, a domed cylinder, and a rotating green light hover roughly four meters above the ground, investigated in The Flavin Domed Cylinder Sighting (formerly catalogued by GEIPAN as "Pont-de-Salars").

The Aveyron prefecture and largest nearby town, roughly ten kilometers northwest of Flavin, notable for its Gothic cathedral. The daughter-witness in The Flavin Domed Cylinder Sighting (1996) referenced the Rodez skyline as a landmark near where the object appeared to vanish.

A densely populated inner Paris suburb straddling both banks of the Seine, the only commune in the capital's immediate ring to do so, named for Louis XV's 1739 purchase of the now-vanished royal Château de Choisy. On the evening of May 21, 2012, a motorist stopped at a red light watched a stationary, porthole-lit cylindrical object surrounded by an orange glow hover above the road, then ascend, morph into an inverted V, turn white, and vanish into cloud — the case investigated in this site's Choisy-le-Roi Shape-Shifting Object file, whose own GEIPAN investigation explicitly rejected a novelty balloon as unable to account for the reported transformation.

A small commune of roughly 1,800 at the edge of the Forêt de l'Isle-Adam, some 30 kilometers north of Paris, whose seigneurial châtellenie dates to 1286 and whose château later passed to the Talleyrand-Périgord family. On June 29, 2012, a dog-walker watched a large white object hover silently over a nearby field at dawn before tilting and departing at speed — the case investigated in this site's Maffliers Dawn Object file, whose own GEIPAN investigation, despite finding the sighting extremely similar to a sunrise seen through cloud, could not reconcile a 54-degree directional discrepancy its own field verification ruled out as estimation error.

A commune of roughly 14,400 on Mulhouse's eastern edge, home to the Musée du Papier Peint and to part of the historic Habsheim aerodrome, one of Europe's earliest aviation sites and the location of the 1988 Air France Flight 296 crash. On the night of July 26, 2009, a witness tracked a point of light that appeared to lose continuity, turn toward the aerodrome, and accelerate silently overhead — the case investigated in this site's Rixheim Course-Changing Light file, whose own GEIPAN investigation checked and eliminated a regional aircraft radar trace, Jupiter's position, and a real satellite pass.

The historic prefecture of the Charente department, a city of nearly 42,000 built on a plateau above a meander of the Charente river and nicknamed "the balcony of the southwest," home since 1974 to one of the world's largest comics festivals. At 1:15 PM on August 15, 2009, a lone witness in his garden watched a matte brown, ovoid object cross the sky in complete silence, clearing the surrounding rooftops on a straight path toward Cognac — the case investigated in this site's Angoulême Daylight Ovoid file, whose own GEIPAN investigation excluded four close-range objects and raised, but could never confirm without a second witness, a Perseid-period meteorite entry.

A Catalan Roussillon village of roughly 3,300 whose name means "Palace of Glass," after the Templar-era glassworks established there in the 13th century. Early on a morning in late October 2008, two colleagues beginning their delivery round watched a bright light resolve into an enormous black triangle with a fixed red light, passing over the village at walking speed in total silence with none of a real aircraft's position or anti-collision lights — the case investigated in this site's Palau-del-Vidre Black Triangle file, whose own GEIPAN investigation excluded Saturn as the preceding light and found the two witnesses' testimony reinforced rather than weakened under cross-examination.

A Mediterranean coastal town on the Roussillon plain, between which and Argelès-sur-Mer the two witnesses in The Palau-del-Vidre Black Triangle (2008) first spotted a bright point of light over the sea, before it resolved into the black triangular object they tracked inland to Palau-del-Vidre.

A small Corbières wine-country village of just over 550 residents at the northern edge of the limestone massif linking the Massif Central to the Pyrenees, roughly 9 kilometers from Carcassonne. Between May 25 and 28, 1995, a couple watched a large, dark, silent object resembling a helicopter hover over their house and sweep the ground with light beams before departing — the case investigated in this site's Fontiès-d'Aude Health-Effects Case file, whose own GEIPAN investigation left the object itself unexplained while directly disproving the causal link behind its more dramatic aftermath claims.

Capital of the New Hebrides, then a joint Anglo-French Condominium, on a natural harbor on Efate Island's coast, five years before the territory's 1980 independence as Vanuatu. On the evening of June 7, 1978, three fishermen aboard a boat off the coast watched a silent craft emitting colored flames approach along the shoreline before abruptly reversing and vanishing — the case investigated in this site's Port Vila Fishermen's Sighting file, the only entry in GEIPAN's published archive originating from outside mainland France or a French overseas department.

A small farming commune of roughly 80–100 residents in the Vosges, about 15 kilometers from Épinal, in a department whose forests still carried living memory of the 1944–45 Battle of the Vosges just 35 years before this sighting. On the evening of November 14, 1979, an off-duty French Air Force officer and a passenger watched two red-orange lights stabilize above nearby woods and extinguish one after another, followed 30 seconds later by a double “bang” the witness himself tentatively attributed to a high-altitude military patrol — the case investigated in this site's Circourt Air Force Officer Sighting file.

A mountain village in Corsica's Alta Rocca micro-region, built beneath the granite spires of the Aiguilles de Bavella within the Parc naturel régional de Corse — this site's first GEIPAN-documented location on the island. At 5:00 AM on August 28, 2014, a single witness watched a dark circular mass with a light at its center, flanked by rows of smaller dark shapes, move silently between two groves for ten minutes — the case investigated in this site's Zonza Corsica Sighting file.

A village built along the line of Hadrian's Wall on the English shore of the Solway Firth, overlooking the tidal salt-marsh of Burgh Marsh where King Edward I died in 1307. On May 23, 1964, fireman Jim Templeton photographed his daughter here, producing the famous image at the center of this site's Solway Firth Spaceman Photograph file.

A former textile-mill town in the Calder Valley, historically straddling the Yorkshire–Lancashire border, overlooked by the Stoodley Pike Monument on the surrounding Pennine moors. In the early hours of November 28, 1980, on-duty constable Alan Godfrey encountered a domed, disc-shaped object hovering over Burnley Road on the town's edge — the case investigated in this site's Todmorden Police Encounter file, part of a wider 1980 Pennine UFO wave that also included the unexplained death of Zigmund Adamski.

A small farming town atop the Sand Mountain plateau in Alabama's northeastern corner. Over the nights of February 10–12, 1989, more than fifty residents — including police chief Junior Garmany and assistant chief Fred Works, who pursued the object along County Road 43 — reported a large, silent, triangular craft with bright lights, the case investigated in this site's Fyffe, Alabama UFO Wave file. The Alabama Legislature proclaimed Fyffe the state's official "UFO Capital" that same year, an identity the town still celebrates every August with its own UFO Days festival.

A vast, high-altitude desert basin in south-central Colorado ringed by the Sangre de Cristo range, including Blanca Peak. On the Harry King family ranch roughly 17 miles northeast of Alamosa, a three-year-old Appaloosa mare was found mutilated on September 9, 1967, the case investigated in this site's Mutilation of Snippy the Horse file. The valley later developed one of North America's most concentrated reputations for sustained UFO and livestock-mutilation reports, extensively documented by investigator Christopher O'Brien.

A mid-sized industrial and port city on Long Island Sound. At his home on the since-demolished 784 Broad Street, Albert K. Bender founded the International Flying Saucer Bureau in 1952 and, in 1953, claimed a visit from three mysterious men in black that ended his UFO research — the case investigated in this site's Albert Bender & the Three Men in Black file, and the origin point of the "Men in Black" figure in UFO folklore.

A small, remote town (formally Santiago de Coyame) founded in 1715 in the Chihuahuan Desert along the Río Conchos, roughly 175 km south of the Presidio, Texas–Ojinaga border crossing. The claimed site of an anonymously sourced 1974 UFO collision and covert recovery operation investigated in this site's Coyame, Mexico UFO Crash Claim file, and, independent of that claim, a real, documented narcotics-smuggling corridor throughout the 1970s–80s.

A planned "new town" roughly 35 km northwest of Paris, combining the historic settlement of Pontoise with newly built districts. The site of the November 1979 staged disappearance and reappearance of Franck Fontaine, investigated in this site's Cergy-Pontoise Abduction file — a case publicly confessed as a hoax by organizer Jean-Pierre Prévost in 1983 and independently classified as fraud by GEPAN, France's official government UFO study body.

The major Missouri city directly across the Mississippi River from the "Metro-East" Illinois towns (Highland, Lebanon, Shiloh, Millstadt, Dupo, and O'Fallon among them) at the center of the January 2000 St. Clair County Triangle Sightings, roughly 20-30 miles east of downtown St. Louis.

A small rural lake roughly 30 miles (48 km) southwest of Belozersk where, on August 15, 1663 (Old Style), a parish congregation gathered for the Feast of the Dormition reportedly watched a huge flaming sphere hover, vanish, and reappear over the water for about ninety minutes — one of the oldest written accounts of an unidentified aerial phenomenon in Russian history, preserved in laborer Ivan Rzhevsky's own 1663 memorandum. Coordinates are an approximate estimate computed from the lake's cited bearing and distance from Belozersk; this site's own research could not independently verify a precise modern cartographic pinpoint under the lake's historical name.

A small West Otago goldfields township roughly ten kilometers north of Tapanui, today abandoned after catastrophic Clutha River flooding in 1978 and 1980. Just before noon on July 23, 1909, a small group of schoolchildren watched a cigar-shaped object circle over Kelso School, and, interrogated individually by a visiting Otago Daily Times reporter five days later, produced independent sketches described at the time as strikingly consistent — the daylight sighting at the center of this site's New Zealand Airship Wave of 1909 case file.

A small Otago coal-mining town roughly 30 kilometers south of Dunedin. On the evening of July 11, 1909, several residents watched a light bob in and out of view for roughly 30 minutes over the nearby Wangaloa Hills — the opening sighting of the New Zealand Airship Wave of 1909, later attributed to witness John Boyd once the Bruce Herald named him on July 29.

Otago's provincial capital and, in 1909, home to two competing daily newspapers, the Otago Daily Times and the Evening Star, whose rival coverage of the New Zealand Airship Wave of 1909 reached what one modern researcher called the equivalent of full front-page treatment by late July as the wave spread north from its Otago and Southland origins toward Gore and, eventually, the North Island.

A rural agricultural field outside the parish of Fatima, roughly 110 km north of Lisbon, where three shepherd children reported a series of 1917 apparitions and where, on October 13, 1917, a crowd estimated at 30,000 to 100,000 — including hostile secular press correspondents — witnessed the sun appear to spin and change color, the subject of this site's The Fatima Miracle of the Sun case file. The site is now home to the Sanctuary of Fatima, one of the largest Catholic pilgrimage complexes in the world.

Africa's highest peak, over which Capt. Jack Bicknell, Radio Officer Dennis Merrifield, and nine passengers aboard an East African Airways Lodestar watched a bullet-shaped metallic object hang motionless for roughly seventeen minutes on the morning of February 19, 1951, the subject of this site's Mount Kilimanjaro Cigar-Shaped UFO Sighting case file — a sighting sealed by a same-day sworn affidavit from all nine passengers.

The United Kingdom's national library, custodian of the Royal manuscripts collection presented to the British Museum by George II in 1757 and transferred here on the Library's independent founding in 1973. Its holdings include Royal MS 15 A XX, the genuine c. 1400 Byland Abbey ghost-story manuscript, digitized and publicly documented via the Library's Medieval Manuscripts Blog.

The university where T. Townsend Brown attended in 1924–25 and, working alongside physics/astronomy professor Paul Alfred Biefeld, built the first "gravitator" devices that would later become known as the Biefeld-Brown effect. Denison's own archives contain no jointly authored scientific paper by the two men.

T. Townsend Brown's only genuine Navy research-laboratory posting, from March 1931 until 1933, where he performed real if modest technical work, including serving as instrument specialist on a 1932 Navy-Princeton gravity-survey expedition to the West Indies aboard the submarine USS S-48. He lost the position to Depression-era budget cuts in 1933.

The wartime OSS headquarters at 2430 E Street NW, retained by the CIA as its first home from the Agency's 1947 creation until the 1961 move to Langley. The CIA's Office of Scientific Intelligence (OSI), which convened and administered the Robertson Panel in January 1953, was based here; declassified records do not specify the exact room in which the Panel's eight sessions were held.

A remote, mineral-rich valley roughly 120 km south of Trondheim, site of a sustained 1981–84 wave of unexplained luminous phenomena and, since 1998, home to the automated "Blue Box" measurement station run by the world's longest continuously operating instrumented field study of an unexplained light phenomenon. Erling Strand has led the investigation since the 1984 field season, joined over the decades by international researchers including Massimo Teodorani and Bjørn Gitle Hauge.

Birthplace (March 18, 1905) of physicist T. Townsend Brown, where his wealthy family funded a private home laboratory that let him begin the electrical experiments that led, by around 1921, to his first observations of what became known as the Biefeld-Brown effect.

Home to the Institute of Meteoritics, founded in 1945 by astronomer Lincoln La Paz specifically to formalize the rigorous, multi-witness triangulation methodology he used to recover genuine meteorite falls across the Southwest. That same methodology became the primary investigative tool applied to the 1948–49 Green Fireballs wave, and the institute's academic authority is what elevated the case from a local curiosity into a matter taken up at the classified February 1949 Los Alamos conference.

A private research institute that conducted the CIA-funded STARGATE Project remote viewing experiments from 1972–1995. Physicists Hal Puthoff and Russell Targ worked with remote viewers including Ingo Swann to investigate anomalous cognition. The program's UAP-related findings remain classified.

Home to the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), France's national space agency, and to GEPAN, the government UAP study unit CNES engineer Claude Poher established there in 1977. GEPAN's successor units, SEPRA and GEIPAN, have continued operating from Toulouse, making it the base of one of the only government agencies in the world with an ongoing formal mandate to scientifically investigate UAP reports — including the Trans-en-Provence case managed from here by engineer Jean-Jacques Velasco.

The historic 18th-century military academy complex in Paris's 7th arrondissement that houses the Institut des Hautes Études de Défense Nationale (IHEDN), France's state defense-studies institute for senior military, civilian, and industry officials. Nearly all of the roughly thirty members of COMETA (Comité d'Études Approfondies) — the private committee that produced the 1999 COMETA report on UAP and national defense — were drawn from the ranks of IHEDN auditors, including chairman General Denis Letty and preface author General Bernard Norlain, IHEDN's former director.

The official residence and working office of the Prime Minister of France, where COMETA's 1999 report on UAP and national defense was personally delivered to then-Prime Minister Lionel Jospin. Jospin's chief of staff later confirmed the Prime Minister read and personally annotated the report, though no official government response or policy change followed its delivery.

A market town roughly 60 km east of Paris in Seine-et-Marne, over which the cockpit crew of Air France Flight AF 3532 reported a large, dark reddish-brown disc on January 28, 1994, while cruising toward London at roughly 11,800 meters. The airliner's own reported position and the near-simultaneous unidentified track logged by the French Air Force's Cinq-Mars-la-Pile radar station, relayed through the CODA (Centre d'Opérations de la Défense Aérienne) command center at Taverny, do not agree on which side of the aircraft the object actually was — a geographic discrepancy central to the case's ongoing dispute.

The Grade I listed seat of the United Kingdom's Ministry of Defence on Whitehall, London. Its Defence Intelligence Staff, via the branch designated DI55, commissioned and housed Project Condign, the classified 1996–2000 study of UAP reports across the UK Air Defence Region widely reported (though never officially confirmed) to have been authored by former GEC-Marconi scientist Ron Haddow. The department's separate, public-facing UFO desk, staffed at different times by officials including Nick Pope, operated from the same ministry but was a distinct function from DI55's own intelligence archive.

A private R&D institute contracted by the U.S. Air Force to analyze materials from the Roswell debris field. Researchers identified shape-memory alloys (forerunners of nitinol) among the materials — a technology that would not be publicly developed until the 1960s. Battelle later conducted Blue Book analysis under contract.

A Department of Energy multi-program science and technology national laboratory, built as part of the World War II Manhattan Project's Clinton Engineer Works alongside the Y-12, K-25, and S-50 uranium-enrichment plants. From October to December 1950, AEC security patrols and Air Force radar operators documented a wave of radar-corroborated visual intrusions over the reservation's restricted airspace. Decades later, Oak Ridge analyzed alleged bismuth-magnesium layered metamaterials for the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO), concluding they represented lead smelting waste products. In September 1958, an earlier Oak Ridge team separately tested a fragment of the Ubatuba magnesium sample, finding 99.8% purity and lattice fissures consistent with high-temperature oxidation.

A joint civil-military airport near Knoxville that hosted Detachment 5 of the 661st Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron (redesignated the 663rd on November 27, 1950), the Air Force radar unit tasked with policing the restricted airspace over the nearby Oak Ridge atomic reservation. From this station, radar operators independently corroborated at least half a dozen visual UFO sightings during the October–December 1950 Oak Ridge wave and repeatedly scrambled F-82 interceptors in response.

One of the U.S.'s premier national laboratories, famous for its role in the Manhattan Project and nuclear weapons development. Bob Lazar claims to have worked here as a physicist before being recruited to S-4. Researchers independently located a Los Alamos phone directory entry and a 1982 newspaper article identifying Lazar as a "physicist at Los Alamos" — providing some corroboration for his claimed employment.

Established July 9, 1945 as White Sands Proving Ground (renamed White Sands Missile Range on May 1, 1958), this roughly 3,200-square-mile Army range in the Tularosa Basin was built to test captured German V-2 rockets under Wernher von Braun's team and later expanded into a full multi-service guided-missile proving ground. On July 14, 1951, two Army radar operators at a guided-missile tracking station here, plus an independent binocular observer and a film photographer, reported the radar-visual-photographic sighting documented in this site's White Sands case file — a report whose underlying Air Force document has never been located in the surviving Project Blue Book archive.

A Mesilla Valley college and farming town on the Rio Grande, roughly forty miles north of White Sands Proving Ground, where astronomer Clyde Tombaugh — then White Sands' Chief of Optical Measurements, and later founder of New Mexico State University's astronomy department — made his home. In the backyard of that home, on the night of August 20, 1949, Tombaugh, his wife, and his mother-in-law watched a rigid formation of six-to-eight yellowish-green rectangular lights cross the sky in about three seconds, a sighting Project Blue Book still catalogues as an official Unknown.

Established in 1942 as Alamogordo Army Air Field and renamed Holloman Air Force Base on January 13, 1948 after Col. George V. Holloman, a pioneer of guided-missile research. Adjoining White Sands Missile Range, Holloman hosted the Air Force's guided-missile squadrons, its Land-Air, Inc. optical-tracking contractor, the prime U.S. Skyhook balloon launch site, and the first instrument post of Project Twinkle, the 1950–51 Green Fireballs observation program headed by astronomer Lincoln La Paz. The base's Report EHO-41, dated July 25, 1951, is cited by early Blue Book chief Edward Ruppelt as the Air Force's record of the White Sands radar-visual-photographic sighting — a document since missing from the surviving Blue Book files.

The institution where Dr. John E. Mack, Pulitzer Prize-winning psychiatry professor, conducted his research into alien abduction accounts. His 1994 book "Abduction: Human Encounters with Aliens" documented 13 case studies and ignited a fierce academic debate about the boundary between anomalous experience and mental health. Harvard ultimately cleared Mack after a formal review, affirming his academic freedom to explore unconventional topics.

The rural piney woods area near Huffman and Dayton, Texas, where Betty Cash, Vickie Landrum, and Colby Landrum encountered a massive, diamond-shaped, heat-emitting craft escorted by 23 military helicopters on the night of December 29, 1980. The witnesses suffered severe radiation sickness and physical burns.

The island municipality in the Amazon Delta that was the epicenter of the 1977 "Chupa Chupa" UAP wave, where residents reported attacks by luminous craft firing narrow beams of light that caused puncture wounds and blood loss. Led directly to the Brazilian Air Force's Operation Prato investigation.

A coastal municipality on the Atlantic shore of São Paulo state, backed by the forested Serra do Mar range and home to more than 100 named beaches. An anonymous September 1957 letter to columnist Ibrahim Sued claimed a "flying disk" exploded over the sea here, producing three fragments of unusually pure magnesium tested by laboratories for the following 65 years — though the exact claimed site, and any witness to the event, has never been identified.

Home to the newsroom of O Globo, where columnist Ibrahim Sued received the anonymous 1957 Ubatuba letter; to the medical practice of APRO investigator Olavo Fontes; and to the government Mineral Production Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, headed by chemist Fritz Feigl, where the fragments' first laboratory analyses were performed in September–October 1957. It was also here, on February 22, 1958, that journalist João Martins brought farmer Antônio Vilas-Boas to meet Fontes for the medical examination central to his claimed abduction case.

A small farming municipality in the far west of Minas Gerais state, near the Rio Grande border with São Paulo state. On the night of October 15–16, 1957, farmer Antônio Vilas-Boas was plowing his family's fields here when he reported the landing of an egg-shaped craft and his capture by small humanoid occupants — the encounter that became the first widely documented modern alien abduction account. The exact field has never been precisely surveyed by any investigator; the initial 1958 inquiry took place roughly 550 km away, in Rio de Janeiro.

A remote, uninhabited volcanic island roughly 1,140 kilometers off the coast of Espírito Santo — the most isolated point in Brazilian territory and the easternmost extremity of the Vitória-Trindade seamount ridge. Dominated by the 620-meter Pico do Desejado, the island hosted a Brazilian Navy oceanographic and meteorological outpost established during the 1957–58 International Geophysical Year, the same expedition during which civilian photographer Almiro Barauna captured the Island of Trindade Sighting on January 16, 1958.

The mountain range southwest of Phoenix where the U.S. Air Force dropped LUU-2B/B illumination flares during a training exercise on the night of March 13, 1997, serving as the official military explanation for the second wave of the Phoenix Lights.

The airspace and international airport in Tehran, Iran, where air traffic controllers tracked an anomalous glowing object on September 19, 1976. Scrambled F-4 Phantoms suffered instrument and communication failures when approaching the craft.

The nuclear-powered supercarrier that served as the flagship for the Nimitz Carrier Strike Group during the November 2004 encounters with the "Tic Tac" UAP off the coast of Southern California.

The Ticonderoga-class guided missile cruiser equipped with the SPY-1B passive radar system that tracked multiple "Tic Tac" targets descending from 80,000 feet to sea level over a multi-day period in November 2004.

San Diego-based Independence-class littoral combat ship whose crew, operating in a Pacific warning area on the night of July 15, 2019, recorded infrared and radar sensor data of an unidentified spherical object that appeared to descend into the ocean without recovered wreckage.

A 113,000-square-nautical-mile block of restricted offshore military airspace and sea-surface training range extending roughly 600 nautical miles southwest from the Southern California coast, entirely over open ocean. Multiple Navy vessels — including the USS Omaha, USS Russell, USS Kidd, USS Rafael Peralta, and USS Paul Hamilton — logged unidentified aerial contacts within W-291 across a series of nights in July 2019.

The world-renowned medical center where Stefan Michalak was examined following his injuries from the Falcon Lake encounter. Physicians were unable to explain the precise grid-pattern burns on his chest using conventional medicine. Michalak was examined by 27 doctors over the following years, none of whom could identify a conventional cause for the burns, which periodically recurred for years after the incident.

A major USAF installation that was the site of highly publicized, multi-night UAP incursions in December 2023. These events prompted FAA flight restrictions, NORAD tracking, and congressional inquiries. The base was also where geospatial analyst Dylan Borland reported witnessing a 100-foot silent triangular craft in 2012, and where NASA aerodynamicist Paul R. Hill independently observed a maneuvering light formation on July 16, 1952, two days after the nearby Nash-Fortenberry sighting.

A Cold War-era ROTOR-programme radar station on the Northumberland coast, functioning by the 1970s as both a Sector Operations Centre and Control and Reporting Centre within the UK's air defence network. On the night of July 30, 1977, duty controller Flight Lieutenant A.M. Wood and two NCOs watched two luminous objects hover over the North Sea for roughly 100 minutes, then found unidentified radar contacts in the same airspace once the objects disappeared from sight — corroborated independently by RAF Patrington and RAF Staxton Wold. Also home to 202 Squadron's search-and-rescue Whirlwind helicopters, the size reference Wood used to describe the nearer object.

A former Ground Controlled Interception radar station on England's east coast, opened in 1942 and later serving as a Sector Operations Centre before its technical role wound down through the 1950s–70s. On the night of July 30, 1977, the controller at Patrington independently confirmed two unidentified radar contacts also being tracked by RAF Boulmer over the North Sea, corroborating the Boulmer sighting from a separate radar head. Seven years earlier, on September 8, 1970, Patrington's GCI controllers had vectored Captain William Schaffner's Lightning onto a routine TACEVAL exercise contact — an RAF Shackleton, not an unidentified object — in the incident that later became the "Foxtrot 94" UFO legend.

Recognised as the world's oldest continuously operating radar site, tracing its lineage to the Chain Home network of the late 1930s. On July 30, 1977, radar staff at Staxton Wold independently confirmed the same two unidentified contacts RAF Boulmer had picked up over the North Sea, forming the third leg of the sighting's cross-station radar corroboration. On September 8, 1970, Staxton Wold's radar had also tracked the low-flying RAF Shackleton at the center of the Captain William Schaffner "Foxtrot 94" incident, later mistaken in tabloid retellings for an unidentified craft.

Home from 1965 to 1988 of No. 5 and No. 11 Squadrons RAF, the last two RAF units to fly the English Electric Lightning, and a Quick Reaction Alert (QRA) station tasked with keeping armed interceptors on permanent standby against unidentified aircraft approaching UK airspace. On the night of September 8, 1970, USAF exchange pilot Captain William Schaffner scrambled from Binbrook in Lightning XS894 to intercept a NATO Tactical Evaluation exercise contact over the North Sea and was killed when his aircraft crashed; the declassified 1972 Board of Inquiry identified the contact as an RAF Shackleton, not the unidentified craft later claimed by 1990s tabloid reporting.

The stretch of open North Sea approximately five miles off Flamborough Head, Yorkshire, where Royal Navy divers located the wreckage of Captain William Schaffner's Lightning XS894 on October 7, 1970, roughly a month after he disappeared while shadowing an RAF Shackleton during a Cold War-era Tactical Evaluation exercise. The aircraft was recovered largely intact, its ejector seat unfired due to a servicing fault; Schaffner's body was never found. No trace of any unidentified craft was ever recovered from these waters — the "UFO" content of the case originates entirely in a 1992 newspaper account published more than two decades later.

Home of the Linesman system's Air Defence Data Centre, the master facility that integrated surveillance data from every UK air defence radar head in the mid-1970s. The composite radar picture from the July 30, 1977 RAF Boulmer sighting was relayed directly here, formally logging the cross-station corroboration at the national level.

A weapons-trials airfield opened in 1937 on the Rhins of Galloway coast, roughly five miles southeast of Stranraer, later home to the Ministry of Supply's Bombing Trials Unit and its network of precision tracking radars overlooking Luce Bay. On the evening of April 4, 1957, West Freugh's own air traffic control radar independently confirmed a large, unidentified, near-stationary echo first held by the nearby Balscalloch unit, part of a 36-minute, three-station radar encounter that reached Parliament and the Air Ministry's own technical intelligence directorate.

Site near Corsewall Point of a trailer-mounted Ministry of Supply trials radar unit. On April 4, 1957, this unit failed to receive a stand-down order during a delayed bombing trial and remained live; its operators became the first to detect the large, near-stationary unidentified radar echo that opened the West Freugh case.

Coastal village on the shore of Luce Bay, site of a second Ministry of Supply trials radar unit roughly 14 miles south of Balscalloch. On April 4, 1957, operators Charles Hollands and Stanley Farley independently confirmed the unidentified target at the same range and bearing reported by Balscalloch, giving the West Freugh case its third documented station of radar corroboration.

A large, 20-mile-wide bay in Wigtownshire that served as an RAF bombing and weapons-trials range from the 1930s through the 1990s, and remains a Ministry of Defence test and evaluation site today. The delayed test bombing run scheduled over Luce Bay on the evening of April 4, 1957 was the routine trial that put the Bombing Trials Unit's radar network live in the first place, setting up the unidentified detection that followed.

The historic religious site over which multiple viral videos in January 2011 showed a glowing orb descending, hovering, and shooting upward. Forensic video analysis later exposed the footage as a coordinated CGI hoax using duplicate panning frames and motion tile masking.

A small town in Braxton County, West Virginia, where on September 12, 1952, a group of young boys and Kathleen May witnessed a glowing red fireball crash-land or descend onto a hill owned by Bailey Fisher. Investigating the site, they encountered a 10-foot tall metallic/organic creature with glowing eyes and a spade-shaped hood, surrounded by a toxic metallic mist that caused severe respiratory and digestive illness in the witnesses.

The stretch of water separating Victoria from Tasmania where pilot Frederick Valentich disappeared in 1978 while flying a Cessna 182L. Before radio contact was lost, Valentich reported a large metallic object with green lights hovering directly above his aircraft.

The bank of the Pascagoula River where, on October 11, 1973, shipyard workers Charles Hickson and Calvin Parker reported being levitated and examined by three robot-like, claw-armed entities after a bright blue glowing craft descended near them.

A small village in Perthshire, Scotland, near the A9 road, where in August 1990 two hotel chefs photographed a large diamond-shaped craft hovering silently for ten minutes while being circled by a military jet, before accelerating vertically at extreme velocity.

A wooded volcanic-plug hill, locally called Dechmont Law, on the edge of Deans Forest in the Scottish new town of Livingston, West Lothian. On the morning of November 9, 1979, forester Robert Taylor encountered a large spherical object and two smaller spiked spheres in a clearing here, leaving him with torn clothing, facial and leg grazes, and ground marks that Lothian and Borders Police treated as evidence in a genuine criminal assault investigation — one of the only UFO cases in the world formally logged and investigated as a physical crime. A commemorative plaque now marks the site.

A small farming village in the Vale of Edeirnion, at the foot of the remote Berwyn Mountains range along the Bala Fault Zone. On January 23, 1974, a real, British Geological Survey-recorded magnitude 3.5 ML earthquake struck near here at approximately 8:32–8:38 PM, accompanied by a coincident meteor fireball and a landslide on nearby Cadair Bronwen. Dozens of residents reported ground shaking and an unexplained glowing light on the mountainside, and a genuine police/RAF Mountain Rescue search that night found no wreckage of any kind. The case became known decades later, following a 1990s ufological reinvestigation, as "the Welsh Roswell."

A location in the Sierra Nevada forest where bow-hunter Donald Shrum spent a night in a pine tree in 1964 defending himself against three humanoid entities and a gas-emitting robot.

The largest and deepest lake on Maine's remote Allagash Wilderness Waterway, where four Massachusetts art students witnessed a hovering sphere of light from their canoe near the Smith Brook campsite on the night of August 20, 1976.

The Dutch estuary where Stefan Denaerde's sailing yacht collided with a submerged circular USO in 1967, leading to a multi-day encounter and tour of the advanced alien craft.

A municipality in Puerto Rico where Amaury Rivera reported being abducted in 1988, subsequently photographing a disc-shaped craft closely pursued by a military F-14 fighter jet.

The Caribbean island known as a major UAP sighting hotspot, particularly active during the late 1980s and 1990s with military jet scramble reports and USO sightings near Roosevelt Roads.

A municipality on Puerto Rico's northwestern Atlantic coast, home to the former Ramey Air Force Base (now Rafael Hernández Airport) and a resort/hospitality corridor whose hotels routinely release sky lanterns during celebrations — the practice AARO's 2025 case resolution cites as the likely origin of the objects filmed by a CBP aircraft's infrared sensor on the night of April 25–26, 2013.

The deepest trench in the Atlantic Ocean, containing the Milwaukee Deep (roughly 27,480 ft/8,376 m), and the reported site of a March 1963 U.S. Navy anti-submarine exercise sonar contact with an unidentified fast-moving submerged object — a claim documented only in Ivan Sanderson's secondhand 1970 compilation, never in a surfaced Navy record.

Essex-class anti-submarine warfare support carrier that, per its own official Navy service history, took part in Fleet ASW exercises off Puerto Rico in March 1963 — the confirmed operational backdrop against which naturalist Ivan Sanderson later placed his unconfirmed account of a high-speed sonar contact.

The stretch of Highway 42 near Prospect where Lee Parrish was driving when his vehicle was enveloped in a beam of light, leading to a 45-minute period of missing time and examination.

Lincoln County seat on Kentucky Highway 78, the officially-listed location of the January 6, 1976 encounter in which Louise Smith, Mona Stafford, and Elaine Thomas reported a domed disc following their car on the road toward Hustonville and Liberty, followed by roughly eighty minutes of missing time.

The poultry farm of Joe Simonton where a metallic saucer landed in 1961, and three small buckwheat pancakes were exchanged with Simonton for a jug of fresh well water.

The stretch of Minnesota State Highway 27 about four miles east of town where KEYL radio announcer Jerry Townsend's car died before an upright, rocket-shaped object and three six-inch "beer-can" entities on October 23, 1965.

The arroyo on the outskirts of Socorro where police officer Lonnie Zamora observed an egg-shaped, white craft on four landing legs with two small figures beside it in April 1964. Physical landing traces were confirmed by the FBI and examined by NASA; the case remains officially unexplained.

The rural Sutton family farmhouse near Kelly where, on the night of August 21, 1955, a round, glowing craft with a rainbow-hued trail was seen descending into a gully shortly before small silver-skinned humanoid figures besieged the property for hours, fired upon repeatedly by the terrified family.

The field behind Westall State School and Westall High School where, on April 6, 1966, roughly 200 students and teachers watched a silver, disc-shaped craft descend, hover, and depart at high speed — one of the largest mass-witness UAP events on record.

The Royal Air Force airfield in the Vale of York where, on the morning of September 19, 1952, ten RAF officers and aircrew watched a silver disc perform a pendulum descent, hover, rotate, and accelerate away behind a returning Gloster Meteor jet. Opened as a Bomber Command station in 1940, the airfield survives today as an enclave within Alanbrooke Barracks.

The North Sea and North Atlantic waters where NATO's first major naval exercise, Operation Mainbrace, took place in September 1952. Military personnel from multiple nations — including the crew of the Danish destroyer Willemoes, RAF pilots near Topcliffe, and sailors aboard USS Franklin D. Roosevelt — independently reported disc-shaped and spherical objects exhibiting anomalous flight characteristics.

The university where Dr. J. Allen Hynek served as chairman of the astronomy department, and whose laboratories analyzed the Eagle River pancake samples, confirming they were composed of standard grains.

The main campus where physicist Edward U. Condon directed the Air Force-funded University of Colorado UFO Project (1966–1968), whose final report — the Condon Report — concluded further scientific study of UFOs was not justified. Coordinator Robert Low's leaked internal memo and the 1968 firing of staff members David Saunders and Norman Levine both originated here. Condon's papers and the project's research files are preserved in the University of Colorado Boulder Libraries' Rare and Distinctive Collections.

Academic home of counseling psychologist Dr. R. Leo Sprinkle (1964–1989), who conducted the February 13, 1968 hypnotic regression of Herbert Schirmer as a Condon Committee consultant. Sprinkle later founded the university's annual Rocky Mountain Conference on UFO Investigation in 1980.

The Karnataka city where Pandit Subbaraya Shastry reportedly dictated the Sanskrit aeronautical text Vaimanika Shastra between 1918 and 1923, and where G.R. Josyer later founded the International Academy of Sanskrit Research — the only genuinely traceable physical geography in the modern vimana-as-ancient-aircraft claim.

Home of the Indian Institute of Science, whose aeronautical engineers subjected the Vaimanika Shastra manuscript to formal analysis in 1974 and concluded its described "vimana" craft were aerodynamically unworkable — a debunking widely cited against ancient-astronaut readings of the text.

The Vatican's museum complex, home to the Museo Gregoriano Egizio, where Alberto Tulli served as director of the Egyptian section from 1931 to 1942. The institution's own records confirm his tenure but leave a roughly two-decade gap before his eventual successor's documented appointment.

Switzerland's central library, whose Graphische Sammlung und Fotoarchiv holds the sole surviving copy of Hans Glaser's 1561 Nuremberg broadsheet — removed from Johann Jakob Wick's bound Wickiana manuscript compilation and catalogued as shelfmark PAS II 12/60, now digitized and publicly viewable online.

Caltech-operated observatory whose 48-inch Samuel Oschin Schmidt telescope produced the First Palomar Observatory Sky Survey (POSS-I). Two consecutive plate exposures taken on July 19, 1952 — the same calendar date as the first night of the Washington flap, though hours earlier and 2,300 miles away — recorded a bright triple transient later analyzed by Beatriz Villarroel's VASCO project and published in MNRAS in 2024. POSS-I's full 1949–1958 plate archive, shot entirely before the 1957 Sputnik-1 launch, is VASCO's primary evidentiary source, later found to contain more than 107,000 cataloged transients.

The Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics (Nordita), jointly hosted by Stockholm University and the KTH Royal Institute of Technology, is the research base for astrophysicist Beatriz Villarroel, who has led the VASCO (Vanishing & Appearing Sources during a Century of Observations) project from Nordita since founding it in 2017, alongside the related ExoProbe technosignature-search project. Villarroel also holds a secondary affiliation with the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias in Tenerife, Spain.

Nashville university where astronomer Carl K. Seyfert served on faculty. On January 7, 1948, Seyfert observed the object connected to the Thomas Mantell case through a telescope from south of the city, identifying it in explicit terms as a balloon with cables and a suspended basket — a cornerstone observation for the later Skyhook balloon explanation.

County seat at Warren, in Ohio's Mahoning Valley along the Pennsylvania border. On the night of December 13–14, 1994, the county's own 911 dispatch center was overwhelmed by a wave of calls describing a huge, silent, low-flying luminous object, with at least fourteen officers across five-plus township and city departments independently radioing in their own sightings over several hours.

Suburban township bordering Youngstown directly to the south. Along Samson Road here, shortly after midnight on December 14, 1994, Liberty Township Sgt. Toby Meloro independently sighted a huge, silent, low-flying disc at close range and reported his patrol cruiser's engine, radio, and electrical systems failing completely as it passed overhead.

Township immediately east of Warren, the Trumbull County seat. Howland Township patrol officers were among the more than a dozen law-enforcement witnesses across the county who independently radioed in sightings of the same silent, luminous object during the December 13–14, 1994 overnight wave.

Air Force Reserve installation roughly eleven miles north of Youngstown, home to the 910th Airlift Wing since 1961. During the December 14, 1994 Trumbull County wave, dispatchers contacted the base directly; a representative stated no aircraft, experimental or otherwise, were flying from the station that night, one of the case's two negative instrumented checks alongside the FAA's own radar denial.

Central Oregon high-desert city, incorporated in 1910 and home to Roberts Field (Redmond Municipal Airport). Shortly before dawn on September 24, 1959, police officer Robert Dickerson and FAA Flight Service Specialist Laverne Wertz watched a large, color-changing object descend and hover roughly 200 feet above the city before a chain of FAA and Air Defense Command reports led to six F-102 interceptors being scrambled from Portland Air Force Base.

Air Defense Command installation in Marin County, California, assigned to ADC on January 1, 1951 and closed in 1974. On September 24, 1959, Seattle Air Route Traffic Control Center relayed the Redmond, Oregon FAA radar report to Hamilton, which issued the order that sent six F-102 Delta Dagger interceptors of the 460th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron aloft from Portland Air Force Base.

Small lobster-fishing village on Nova Scotia's rural South Shore where, on October 4, 1967, at least eleven independent witnesses watched a lit object descend and submerge into the harbour, triggering a three-day Royal Canadian Navy dive search and a declassified Department of National Defence file formally logging the object as unidentified.

Real Cold War-era joint Royal Canadian Navy/U.S. Navy underwater Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) submarine-detection installation near Shelburne, roughly 40 kilometres from Shag Harbour. Central to an unconfirmed secondary claim that the object tracked underwater to this site days after the October 1967 incident — a story researchers themselves flag as undocumented.

Mid-sized coffee-farming city in the Sul de Minas region, site of the January 1996 Varginha UFO incident — Brazil's most formally documented UAP case. The Jardim Andere and Humaitá districts saw a firefighter creature search and the famous Liliane/Valquíria Silva & Kátia Xavier sighting; the city center's flying-saucer-shaped water tower, the Nave Espacial de Varginha, now commemorates the case.

Brazilian Army sergeants' training school roughly 30 km from Varginha, where Colonel René Jairo Fagundes conducted the May 1996 internal sindicância and where the formal 1997 Military Police Inquiry No. 18/1997 into the Varginha creature-capture claims was later conducted.

Home of the 91st Strategic Missile Wing's 150 dispersed Minuteman I ICBM launch facilities and the 5th Bombardment Wing's B-52H Stratofortress bombers. In the early morning hours of October 24, 1968, missile-field security and maintenance airmen at Oscar and November Flights reported a large, self-luminous object, and Minot RAPCON vectored an airborne B-52H, call sign JAG-31, toward it — producing a tracked radar return, two correlated UHF radio blackouts, and a close-range visual pass, followed by a security-alarm break-in at the remote Oscar-7 launch facility. One of the most thoroughly documented cases in the Project Blue Book archive.

The nation's first operational Atlas ICBM base (1960) and, from 1963 onward, home of the 90th Strategic Missile Wing's Minuteman I force — ultimately 200 silos dispersed across 8,300 square miles of Wyoming, Nebraska, and Colorado. In the early hours of August 1, 1965, weeks after the wing's Quebec Flight went operational, Air Force personnel at multiple missile sites and the base commander himself reported as many as nine unidentified objects over a three-hour period, corroborated by a NORAD Cheyenne Mountain radar track near the Quebec launch control site — one of the more thoroughly documented multi-witness UAP reports of the 1965 national wave. The base's missile field logged further reported incidents in 1973–74, 1976, and a genuinely separate 2010 communications disruption, the last of which is not established to share a cause with the 1965 event.

A U.S. Army ammunition storage installation roughly 40 miles east of F.E. Warren Air Force Base, active from 1942 until its 1967 deactivation. In the early hours of August 1, 1965, the depot's commanding officer independently reported five unidentified objects overhead, corroborating the same-night wave of sightings reported by Warren's own missile-site personnel roughly 40 miles away.

A Strategic Air Command bomber base two to three miles northwest of Oscoda, Michigan, headquarters of the 40th Air Division and home to the 379th Bombardment Wing's B-52H Stratofortresses and KC-135 Stratotankers, maintained on continuous nuclear Ready Alert from 1960 until the base's 1993 closure. On the night of October 30, 1975, at least thirteen named Air Force personnel — gate security, weapons-storage-area guards, command staff, and a full KC-135 aircrew — reported a low-flying, erratically-lit object hovering over the base's nuclear weapons storage area; a scrambled tanker crew pursued it out over Lake Huron before it accelerated away at an estimated 1,000 knots. The incident was named eleven days later in a CINCNORAD message connecting it to a wider wave at Loring Air Force Base and other northern-tier SAC installations. The site today is the civilian Oscoda-Wurtsmith Airport and home to the Wurtsmith Air Museum.

A Strategic Air Command bomber base activated in 1953, home to the 42nd Bomb Wing's B-52 Stratofortresses and KC-135 Stratotankers, and, by most accounts, the largest nuclear weapons storage area in the entire Strategic Air Command. Built in the far northeastern corner of the continental United States for its Cold War proximity to Europe, the base sits roughly 12 miles from the Canadian border. On October 27–28, 1975, a silent, low-flying object circled to within 300 yards of the nuclear weapons igloos on consecutive nights, tracked on base radar for 40 minutes, prompting a Security Option 3 alert and a failed Army National Guard helicopter intercept — the documented opening incident of the broader Northern Tier SAC base UFO wave that reached CFS Falconbridge three weeks later. Closed in 1994 under Base Realignment and Closure.

The Atomic Energy Commission's plutonium production complex in the Columbia Basin of south-central Washington State, built by the Manhattan Engineer District beginning in 1943 and the source of the plutonium used in the Trinity test and the Nagasaki bomb. Restricted airspace over the plant's reactor and separations areas was the subject of a documented wave of radar and visual UAP reports spanning 1945 through at least 1952, including the May 21, 1949 radar-visual intercept covered in this site's own dedicated case file. The site's B Reactor is preserved today as a National Historic Landmark within the Manhattan Project National Historical Park.

Known as Moses Lake Air Force Base until its 1950 renaming, this Air Defense Command installation reopened on August 26, 1948 with the express mission — assigned to the 325th Fighter-Interceptor Group's F-82 Twin Mustangs — of protecting the nearby Hanford Site and Grand Coulee Dam. An F-82 from this base was scrambled on May 21, 1949 in an unsuccessful attempt to intercept a radar-tracked disc over Hanford's restricted airspace. Closed in 1966, the runways today form Grant County International Airport.

A small far-northern Maine town whose fortunes were built around, and later devastated by the 1994 closure of, adjoining Loring Air Force Base — the population fell roughly 76% after the base shut down. In October 1975, area residents and off-duty base personnel were among those aware of the intrusions into the base's nuclear weapons storage area, a story local newspaper the Bangor Daily News first reported and has revisited repeatedly in the decades since.

A dramatic stretch of coastline where the Seaward Kaikōura mountain range meets a steep continental shelf, long used by commercial squid-jigging fleets working at night under intense deck lighting. On the nights of December 21 and December 30–31, 1978, cargo aircraft flying the overnight Blenheim–Wellington–Christchurch freight run reported unidentified lights pacing their aircraft here, corroborated in real time by Wellington air traffic control radar and, on the second night, captured on roughly fourteen minutes of 16mm colour film by an Australian television crew.

New Zealand's capital-city airport, whose air traffic control radar room logged unidentified returns on both December 21 and December 30–31, 1978, in general correlation with what Safe Air Ltd flight crews were separately reporting from the cockpit over the Kaikōura coast. The DSIR's own declassified January 1979 assessment later scrutinized whether these ground radar returns genuinely coincided with the pilots' and ground witnesses' visual reports, or reflected anomalous propagation effects local to the area.

Home base of Safe Air Ltd's overnight freight operation and the adjoining RNZAF station, from which the airline's Armstrong Whitworth Argosy freighters — including ZK-SAE, "Merchant Enterprise" — flew the nightly Blenheim–Wellington–Christchurch mail and cargo run at the center of the December 1978 sightings. RNZAF officer Ian Uffindall's sighting from the Woodbourne tarmac on the night of December 21, 1978 was the case's earliest documented report, and both Argosy flights departed from and returned to this airfield.

A Pacific coastal patrol corridor roughly 90–120 km west of Santiago, bracketed by the container port of San Antonio to the south and the refining and naval town of Quintero to the north, and flown regularly by the Chilean Navy's general-purpose helicopter squadron (HU-1) out of the Base Aeronaval "El Belloto" near Viña del Mar. On November 11, 2014, a Navy AS-532 Cougar helicopter on routine patrol here recorded roughly nine minutes of FLIR video of an unidentified "flat, elongated structure," later investigated for two years by CEFAA and publicly released in January 2017.

A major Polish public university whose faculty formed the core of the multidisciplinary team — including psychologist Dr. Ryszard Kietliński and sociologist Zbigniew Blania-Bolnar — assembled in 1978 to formally test and psychologically evaluate Jan Wolski after his reported abduction near Emilcin. The team's more than 500 hours of testing represent an unusually rigorous contemporary academic response to a single-witness UFO report anywhere in Cold War-era Eastern Bloc ufology.

A blockaded North Korean port city on the Korean War's east coast, under an 861-day United Nations naval siege beginning February 1951. Roughly 30 miles southwest of the city, above 20,000 feet on the night of January 29, 1952, a B-29 Superfortress crew reported a glowing orange sphere pacing their aircraft — the first of the two independent sightings that make up the Wonsan-Sunchon UFO Incident.

A North Korean city near Pyongyang, roughly 80 miles northwest of Wonsan, that FEAF Bomber Command targeted repeatedly as a rail-interdiction objective during the Korean War. Around 24 minutes after the first sighting near Wonsan on January 29, 1952, a second, unrelated B-29 crew here independently reported a nearly identical glowing orange object pacing their aircraft, completing the Wonsan-Sunchon UFO Incident.

A small town in far northern Tucumán Province, near the Salta Province border, seat of Trancas Department and home to the Church of the Sacred Heart, a National Historic Monument. On the night of October 21, 1963, the Moreno family at nearby Finca Santa Teresa and independent neighboring witnesses reported multiple descending lighted objects along the adjoining General Belgrano Railway embankment, the event now known worldwide as the Trancas Case.

The Moreno family's rural property outside Trancas, bounded by a pea field and a wire fence along the General Belgrano Railway embankment. Here, on the night of October 21, 1963, Dora Guzmán first spotted unusual lights, touching off the encounter later documented as the Trancas Case, including the circular ground trace and white spherical residue investigators found the following morning.

Argentina's longest railway, a state-owned metre-gauge network formed in 1948 from nationalized British and French lines and named for independence hero Manuel Belgrano, running north from Buenos Aires through Santa Fe, Córdoba, and Tucumán toward Salta and Jujuy. Its embankment past Finca Santa Teresa is where the Moreno family and neighboring witnesses reported multiple descending lighted objects on October 21, 1963, and the same corridor researcher Roberto Banchs later documented as active with genuine Army convoy movements that week.

A public university founded in 1914, whose Instituto de Ingeniería Química (Institute of Chemical Engineering) chemist Dr. Walter Gonzalo Tell analyzed a 2.343-gram sample of white spherical residue collected at the Trancas Case site within two days of the October 21, 1963 sighting, reporting it as 96.48% calcium carbonate and 3.51% potassium carbonate — the case's one genuinely instrumented, institutional data point.

A farming town of roughly 3,000 people about 88 km (55 mi) southwest of Winnipeg, seat of the Rural Municipality of Dufferin in the flat, grain-elevator-dotted prairie of the Pembina Valley region. Carman became the epicenter of the Charlie Redstar UFO wave of 1975–76, logging 53 individually recorded sightings in Ufology Research's 200-year Manitoba database — second only to Winnipeg itself — nearly all clustered within this single 16-to-18-month window. The wave centered on Bob and Elaine Diemert's farm and private airstrip on the town's edge, and the community marked the 50th anniversary of the sightings in 2025 with a year-long tribute, community dinners, and new fan art through the Golden Prairie Arts Council.

A grass private airstrip (Transport Canada identifier CJB2) on Bob Diemert's farm on the western edge of Carman, Manitoba, used by Diemert to fly and restore vintage and experimental aircraft. It was on the walk from the Diemert farmhouse to this airstrip that the first documented Charlie Redstar sighting occurred on April 10, 1975, and the field itself became the informal gathering point for hundreds of nightly "UFO-watching" visitors throughout the summer that followed.

Manitoba's capital and largest city, roughly 88 km northeast of Carman, and home base of Winnipeg-based UFO research organization Ufology Research, whose 200-year sighting database records the Charlie Redstar wave's roughly 2,000-report provincial context. A "Charlie Redstar"-attributed light was itself reported over Winnipeg on July 4, 1975, and the city's daily newspaper, the Winnipeg Free Press, along with television station CKY-TV, provided some of the wave's most extensive contemporary press coverage.

A town roughly 300 km northwest of Carman in Manitoba's Parkland region, among the additional Manitoba communities that generated reports to the National Research Council's Meteor Centre in Ottawa as the wider 1975 provincial UFO wave — of which Charlie Redstar was the most concentrated and best-known cluster — spread beyond the Pembina Valley.

A semi-industrial suburb on the eastern edge of Caracas, home in 1954 to food-processing plants supplying the capital's predawn markets. On Buena Vista Street outside the National Sausage Industry's Schefer plant, delivery drivers Gustavo González and José Ponce encountered a hovering luminous sphere and a small, hairy, clawed humanoid in the early hours of November 29, 1954, an encounter reported to the local Transit Police within roughly thirty minutes and now known across Latin American ufology as the Petare Close Encounter.

Venezuela's second city, on the western shore of the narrow strait connecting Lake Maracaibo to the Gulf of Venezuela. A rural hut "a few leagues" outside the city was the site of the October 24, 1886 incident described in U.S. Consul Warner Cowgill's letter to Scientific American, in which a family of nine developed radiation-like sores after a humming, dazzling light illuminated their home. The exact hut site is not recorded, but the wider Lake Maracaibo basin — and especially the Catatumbo River delta at its southwestern corner — is scientifically documented as the most electrically active location on Earth, making the region's own natural Catatumbo lightning phenomenon the leading conventional explanation candidate for the case.

The southernmost town in Berkshire County, in the rural Housatonic River valley of western Massachusetts. The Reed family says their car was engulfed in light while crossing the Old Covered Bridge (Covered Bridge Lane) here on the night of September 1, 1969, part of a broader multi-town light-sighting wave. A privately funded monument was dedicated on the riverbank in 2015, removed by the town in 2019 over a documented property-line dispute, and later replaced by a smaller marker promoted as the "Thom Reed UFO Monument Park."

The plain in modern Haryana traditionally identified as the site of the Mahabharata's climactic eighteen-day war, where the epic's mantra-invoked astra weapons — including the Brahmastra and Narayanastra — are narratively deployed. The Jyotisar site within the city is venerated today as the traditional spot where Krishna delivered the discourse that became the Bhagavad Gita to Arjuna, the real text J. Robert Oppenheimer quoted after the Trinity test. No archaeological excavation ties any physical "weapon" evidence to this location; the identification rests on textual and devotional tradition.

A Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilization city (flourished c. 2500–1900 BCE), excavated from the 1920s onward, and the real-world site popular writers falsely connect to the Mahabharata's Brahmastra passages via a fabricated "radioactive skeleton" / ancient nuclear blast claim traced, in fact, to a misattributed 1960 British radiological report filtered through Soviet-era secondary sources. No blast crater, vitrification field, or elevated background radiation has ever been documented here by any archaeological or radiological survey; archaeologist George F. Dales directly refuted the associated "massacre" narrative in 1964.

The Pacific coast of former Hitachi Province, where at least four Edo-period manuscripts place the alleged February 1803 landing of the utsuro-bune ("hollow ship") and its unidentified passenger. Folklorist Kazuo Tanaka's archival research connects the most detailed account's garbled place names to Sharihama beach in the modern Hasaki district, cross-referenced against cartographer Inō Tadataka's real 1801 coastal survey — a plausible geographic anchor for a story whose historicity otherwise remains unverified.

A real mountain range on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, correctly enough named in the Dropa Stones story to give it surface plausibility — but for which no Chinese, Tibetan, or international archaeological survey, museum accession record, or academic expedition report from 1938 or any other year documents the alleged discovery of 716 engraved stone discs. No institution has ever confirmed possessing a specimen tied to this location.

A real museum built over the genuine Neolithic Yangshao settlement site (occupied c. 4700–3600 BCE) excavated between 1954 and 1957, internationally reported in mainstream Chinese archaeological literature. Later, without corroboration, popular retellings claimed this museum briefly displayed two Dropa stone discs before they "disappeared." Austrian engineer Ernst Wegerer's low-resolution 1974 photographs, taken here, show no legible inscription and most closely resemble ordinary jade bì discs — a real, unrelated, and much older Chinese artifact type.

A 120-mile freshwater lake forming much of the border between Vermont and New York, with its northern tip extending into Québec. Its Malletts Bay arm, on the Vermont shore near Colchester, is the setting of the 1968 Buff Ledge Encounter, in which two witnesses reported a disc-shaped object submerging into and re-emerging from the lake itself. The lake is separately famous in regional folklore for "Champ," an unrelated cryptid legend with no connection to the 1968 UAP report.

A private girls' summer camp on the Clay Point peninsula of Malletts Bay, an arm of Lake Champlain, run in 1968 by directors Mary and Maskel Hunt. On the evening of August 7, 1968, sixteen-year-old maintenance worker Michael Lapp and nineteen-year-old water-ski instructor Janet Cornell were alone on the camp's boat dock — most staff and campers having left for a swim meet in Burlington — when they reported a disc-shaped craft descending into and re-emerging from the bay itself. The camp no longer operates as a children's facility; the property is today a private equine co-op community, with the original dock reportedly still standing.

The stretch of the Rhine Valley and Alsace-Lorraine region north of Strasbourg where, in late November 1944, a 415th Night Fighter Squadron Beaufighter crew reported the founding "foo fighter" sighting of the WWII Foo Fighters case. The nearby towns of Breisach and Hagenau (Haguenau) were the sites of further documented December 1944 incidents as Allied forces advanced toward the German frontier following Operation Dragoon.

The USAAF 415th Night Fighter Squadron's operational base near Dijon during the winter of 1944–45, and the location Associated Press correspondent Robert C. Wilson visited in late December 1944 to investigate the growing internal "foo fighter" reports, resulting in the wire story that broke the phenomenon to the American public on January 1–2, 1945.

Target of the April 15, 1945 XXI Bomber Command B-29 incendiary raid during which gunners engaged and reportedly destroyed several "fireball" objects with .50-caliber fire — the single most detailed documented incident of the Pacific theater's "foo fighter" wave, part of the broader WWII Foo Fighters case in which over 300 similar sightings were logged by more than 140 B-29 crew members.

A small lake in the sparsely populated far north of Sweden, near the hamlet of the same name in Överkalix Municipality, roughly 100 kilometers north of the Arctic Circle. On July 19, 1946, haymakers Knut Lindbäck and Beda Persson watched a gray, torpedo-shaped "ghost rocket" plunge into the lake, triggering the most intensive single search of the entire 1946 wave — a three-week Swedish military operation led by Lt. Karl-Gösta Bartoll that recovered no confirmed debris. The lake remains the wave's best-documented individual incident and the namesake case within The Swedish Ghost Rockets.

Sweden's capital, seat of the Swedish Defence Staff and its 1946 "Ghost Rocket Committee," and the single-day epicenter of the wave's largest concentration of reports — over 300 on August 11, 1946 alone, near the peak of that year's Perseid meteor shower. It was also here, in August 1946, that James H. Doolittle and David Sarnoff received informal Swedish military briefings on the radar-tracked sightings during an ostensibly private visit.

A planted coastal pine and beech forest between the town of Ängelholm and the beach at Skälderviken, in southwestern Skåne. On May 18, 1946, railway worker Gösta Carlsson claimed he encountered a landed disc and its crew in a clearing here; in September 1972 he had a concrete, one-eighth-scale monument to the encounter installed on the spot, now registered by the Swedish National Heritage Board (RAÄ Strövelstorp 47:1) and a minor national tourist attraction. It is unrelated to the same year's separate, nationwide Swedish Ghost Rockets wave.

The Chilean Air Force's Escuela de Aviación Capitán Manuel Ávalos Prado, an active FACh installation roughly 15 km south of downtown Santiago and home to the state ENAER "Pillán" aircraft plant. On November 5, 2010, seven attendees at a FACh change-of-command ceremony here independently filmed a jet flyover; days later, an anomalous object was discovered crossing through the formations on review of the footage, prompting a formal CEFAA investigation that remains formally unresolved.

The administrative capital of the entire French West Africa federation in 1952, governed from here by High Commissioner Bernard Cornut-Gentille, and a critical transatlantic refueling waypoint. At 6:08 AM on July 3, 1952, a witness here reported a flat, tapered flying saucer wreathed in bluish and reddish flame passing south at high speed — the anchor incident of UFO Sightings Over Morocco and French West Africa.

A colonial timber-export harbor on Mandji Island in the Ogooué River delta. In the early hours of June 1, 1952, the anonymous captain and second officer of a merchant vessel anchored in the roadstead here watched a silent, extremely bright orange-red luminous halo approach from inland, stop and reverse course twice, and accelerate seaward — a case France's official UAP agency GEIPAN later classified D1, genuinely unexplained.

Tunisia's capital, on the Gulf of Tunis. On the evening of July 13, 1969, "many observers" across the city — reportedly including U.S. Embassy officials — watched a full-moon-sized greenish-blue cloud near Polaris while a separate star-like point of light nearby appeared to "explode" into its own expanding greenish cloud, per a declassified State Department cable ("Tunisian Firefall") later released by the NSA.

Morocco's largest city under the French protectorate, where former pilot André Assini reported a flying saucer on June 16, 1952, part of UFO Sightings Over Morocco and French West Africa. Five months later, on December 7–8, 1952, the city became the site of major anti-colonial riots that helped set in motion Sultan Mohammed V's 1953 exile.

An imperial city in Morocco's Middle Atlas foothills where, on June 11, 1952, two witnesses near a local airfield reported a flying disc departing "at lightning speed" trailing white smoke and making no sound — the earliest dated report in UFO Sightings Over Morocco and French West Africa. A second, brief sighting was reported on the road between nearby Ifrane and Meknes on July 14, 1952.

A small town in Morocco's Gharb plain where, on the night of July 12, 1952, two police officers on patrol reported two elongated, white-light-trailing discs crossing from north to south at high speed — one of the case's few incidents involving on-duty occupational witnesses, documented in UFO Sightings Over Morocco and French West Africa.

An RAF training station and technical site near Albrighton, Shropshire — today also home to the Royal Air Force Museum Midlands. Shortly after 1:15 a.m. on March 31, 1993, an RAF Police patrol on the station reported two very bright white lights, one trailing a faint red glow, passing overhead at speed and low altitude, alerting nearby RAF Shawbury minutes later. The sighting lent its name to the wider "Cosford Incident," even though the six-hour wave it belonged to stretched from Somerset to South Wales.

A Royal Air Force station roughly twelve miles north of RAF Cosford, historically home to RAF helicopter aircrew training and a resident Meteorological Office observing post. At approximately 2:40 a.m. on March 31, 1993, duty meteorological observer Wayne Elliott reported a large triangular object crossing the countryside toward the station at low altitude and low speed, sweeping a narrow beam of light across the ground beyond the perimeter fence — the single most detailed and widely cited account from the Cosford Incident.

A small Romney Marsh town on Kent's English Channel coast, adjoining the British Army's Lydd and Hythe small-arms ranges and Lydd Airport. At around 8:00 p.m. on April 21, 1991, an Alitalia airliner descending through 22,000 feet on the Heathrow inbound airway some six miles west of the Lydd radio beacon was the site of the West London / Heathrow UFO Sighting — popularly associated with Heathrow because that was the flight's destination, even though the object itself was sighted well out over Kent, some 60-plus miles short of the airport.

Home to the Ejército del Aire's Ala 23 de Instrucción de Caza y Ataque (originally the Escuela de Reactores, established 1953), Talavera la Real Air Base sits roughly 15 km east of Badajoz near Spain's border with Portugal. In the early hours of November 12, 1976, conscript sentries José Manuel Trejo and Juan Carrizosa Luján reported a piercing interference-like whistle and a three-meter luminous humanoid figure at the base's fuel-storage perimeter, opening fire before it vanished without a trace. The Spanish Air Force's own file on the incident, declassified in 1996 and published online in 2016 via the Ministry of Defense's Biblioteca Virtual de Defensa, remains one of the shortest and least conclusive of Spain's military UFO releases.

A town on the St. Lawrence estuary's north shore in Quebec's Côte-Nord region. On the night of June 29, 1954, a BOAC Boeing 377 Stratocruiser, RMA Centaurus, passed through the airspace near here at 19,000 feet en route from New York to Goose Bay, Labrador when Capt. James Howard's crew and 51 passengers watched a huge, shape-changing object and its smaller companions pace the aircraft for 18 minutes in the BOAC Stratocruiser "Centaurus" Sighting.

A wartime-built airfield on Lake Melville in central Labrador, jointly used by the RCAF and USAF and a standard eastbound refueling stop for transatlantic propeller airliners in the 1950s. On June 29, 1954, Goose Bay approach control took First Officer Lee Boyd's in-progress radio report of the BOAC Stratocruiser "Centaurus" Sighting, scrambled an F-94 Starfire interceptor to investigate, and searched its own ground radar with a negative result; Centaurus landed here roughly 20 minutes later, where RAF, RCAF, and USAF intelligence officers interviewed the crew.

A town on Random Sound in Trinity Bay, on Newfoundland's east coast, roughly 190 km from St. John's. In the early hours of October 26, 1978, RCMP Constable James Blackwood and a dozen residents of the town's Marine Drive watched a large, fin-tailed object hover just above the water toward Random Island for nearly two hours in the Clarenville UFO Sighting, one of the best-known UFO cases in Canadian history and the subject of a 2020 Royal Canadian Mint commemorative coin.

A large island in Trinity Bay connected to the Newfoundland mainland by the Hefferton Causeway, directly across Random Sound from Clarenville. The object at the center of the Clarenville UFO Sighting was reported hovering low over the water in the sound between the island and the town on the night of October 26, 1978, watched for nearly two hours by Constable James Blackwood through the RCMP detachment's surveillance telescope.

The Soviet Union's first and, for a decade, only ballistic-missile proving ground, established May 13, 1946 in the Astrakhan semi-desert roughly 100 km east of Volgograd. Kapustin Yar launched the USSR's first ballistic missile in October 1947, hosted five atmospheric nuclear tests (1957–1961), and became a functioning cosmodrome in 1962 — described by researchers Don Berliner and Antonio Huneeus as "somewhat equivalent to the White Sands Proving Grounds in New Mexico." On the night of July 28–29, 1989, seven signal-corps soldiers at two military units near the range reported a hovering, dome-topped disc in the Kapustin Yar UAP Sighting, a case that remained a sealed KGB file until its 1991 declassification.

A town in Astrakhan Oblast, twinned with the Vladimirovka air base, and home since the Soviet era to the 929th State Flight Test Centre named for V.P. Chkalov — Russia's primary military aviation test establishment, broadly comparable to Edwards Air Force Base. In the Kapustin Yar UAP Sighting, witness Ensign Valery Voloshin reported the object departing in the direction of Akhtubinsk at 01:30 on July 29, 1989, immediately after a jet fighter had unsuccessfully attempted to intercept it — making the base a plausible, though unconfirmed, point of origin for that intercept.

Florence's home football ground since 1931, the Stadio Comunale (renamed Stadio Artemio Franchi in 1991) — a reinforced-concrete grandstand designed by engineer Pier Luigi Nervi, largely unchanged in outline since the 1950s — is where a referee halted a Fiorentina–Pistoiese friendly on October 27, 1954 so roughly 10,000 spectators and players could watch unidentified objects maneuver overhead in the Florence Stadium Sighting. A separate, earlier sighting that same afternoon was reported several kilometers away above the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore (the Duomo), and the sticky, fibrous "bambagia silicea" that fell afterward drifted across the historic city center, later analyzed at the University of Florence's own Institute of Analytical Chemistry.

An exceptionally high-grade uranium mine opened in 1921 by Union Minière du Haut-Katanga, whose ore — assaying as high as 65–75% uranium oxide — supplied roughly two-thirds of the fissile material used in the Manhattan Project, including the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombs. Still a closely watched Cold War strategic asset in early 1952 (the CIA maintained a "controlled source" in the district and Belgian authorities would impose a shoot-on-sight security decree there by 1954), the mining district is the reported location of the two fiery discs at the center of the Flying Saucers Over the Belgian Congo Uranium Mines case.

The colonial capital of Katanga province (renamed Lubumbashi at independence), and home to the small airfield from which fighter pilot Commander Pierre flew in pursuit of two fiery discs reported over the nearby Shinkolobwe uranium-mining district in early 1952, roughly 120 km to the northwest, in the Flying Saucers Over the Belgian Congo Uranium Mines case.

Commissioned on August 31, 1948 as the primary shore base for the Royal Australian Navy's Fleet Air Arm, HMAS Albatross — the naval air station adjoining the town of Nowra on the NSW South Coast, still an active RAN base today — is where the ground-controlled-interception radar that independently corroborated Lieutenant James O'Farrell's visual sighting was operated, on the exact sixth anniversary of the base's own commissioning, in the Hawker Sea Fury Sighting of August 31, 1954. O'Farrell had departed and was returning to Nowra on a night cross-country exercise when the incident occurred in the airspace near Goulburn and Marulan, roughly 75–80 km to the northwest.

A small Ozark-foothills city in northwestern Wayne County where more than 500 UFO reports were logged with local police and newspapers between February and April 1973, prompting Dr. Harley D. Rutledge, chairman of the physics department at nearby Southeast Missouri State University, to organize "Project Identification" — a nearly seven-year, multi-station instrumented field study — in the Piedmont Missouri Wave. The nearby Clearwater Lake reservoir sat at the geographic center of much of the reported activity. In August 2023 the Missouri General Assembly designated Piedmont and Wayne County the state's "UFO Capital(s)," and a dedicated UFO-themed park opened there in May 2024.

A farming town of roughly 1,200 people in southeastern Saskatchewan, 15 km west of the Manitoba border and about 70 km southeast of Yorkton, settled largely by German homesteaders beginning in the mid-1880s. On the morning of September 1, 1974, farmer Edwin Fuhr encountered five hovering, rotating saucer-shaped objects at the edge of a slough on his land just outside town, the sighting at the center of the Langenburg UFO / Saucer Nests case. The five clockwise-swirled ground impressions the objects left behind were investigated by the RCMP's local detachment and, fifty years later, commemorated by the Royal Canadian Mint's 2024 "Langenburg Event" silver coin — a rare instance of a Canadian government institution issuing an official product centered on an unexplained UFO case.

A vast military airfield and flight-test range on the edge of Rogers Dry Lake in the Mojave Desert, originally established in 1933 as Muroc Army Air Field and renamed in December 1949 for test pilot Captain Glen W. Edwards. The U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School relocated here in February 1951, and NACA's High-Speed Flight Research Station (later NASA's Flight Research Center) moved to the lakebed's northwest corner in June 1954 — making Edwards, by the mid-1950s, one of the most closely watched pieces of restricted airspace on Earth. It is the setting for the Edwards AFB Canberra Photograph case, a 1954 Martin Aircraft Company publicity photo of a B-57B bomber that also captured an unexplained discoid shape in frame, as well as astronaut Gordon Cooper's separately reported, and far less documented, May 3, 1957 dry-lakebed "saucer landing" story and the entirely uncorroborated 1954 Gerald Light "Muroc" legend of an alleged Eisenhower–extraterrestrial meeting.

A restricted Cold War rocket and guided-weapons test range established in 1947 as the Anglo-Australian Joint Project, administered first by the Long Range Weapons Establishment and later the Weapons Research Establishment, roughly 450 km north of Adelaide in South Australia's remote outback. Woomera's township and instrumented range recorded a cluster of unexplained radar and visual reports between 1952 and 1955, the best-documented of which — an invisible, radar-tracked October 1952 target and, most significantly, a radar-and-visual "misty grey disc" timed at roughly 3,600 mph on May 5, 1954, observed crossing the flight path of a Royal Australian Air Force Canberra bomber — are the subject of this site's Woomera Rocket Range Sighting case. Defence physicist Harry Turner later reviewed the range's historical UFO files as part of his own 1971 internal intelligence report.

A private oceanfront campground on Lower Darnley Road, on Prince Edward Island's Gulf of St. Lawrence “North Shore” a few kilometres from the town of Kensington and the mouth of Malpeque Bay. On the night of June 4, 2014, camper John Sheppard filmed roughly eight minutes of a diamond-shaped arrangement of lights hovering an estimated 200–300 feet above the water, about a mile offshore — the subject of this site's John Sheppard Sighting case file. The Mutual UFO Network of Canada investigated and closed the case as an Unknown; Canadian skeptics have separately proposed a distant airliner on approach to the far-off Îles-de-la-Madeleine airport and dropped military training flares as competing conventional explanations.

A port city on Isla del Carmen off the Gulf of Mexico coast of Campeche state, home to the 501st Air Squadron base a Mexican Air Force Merlin C-26A departed from on its March 5, 2004 anti-narcotics radar patrol, the subject of this site's Campeche Military FLIR Incident case file. Some 50–100 km offshore lies the Bay of Campeche's Cantarell Field, at the time the world's second-largest producing oil field, whose Akal-C, Akal-J, and Nohoch-A platform complexes continuously burn off associated gas through elevated flare stacks — the leading, and best independently corroborated, conventional explanation for the eleven infrared "objects" the aircraft's FLIR turret recorded that evening.

The largest nuclear power plant in the United States by generating capacity, and the only one in the world not sited on a natural body of water, drawing its cooling supply instead from treated municipal wastewater piped from Phoenix. On the nights of September 29 and 30, 2019, plant security officers watched five to six large drones methodically survey the Unit 3 reactor complex for roughly eighty to one hundred minutes each night in the Palo Verde Nuclear Station Drone Swarm. The NRC, FBI, DHS, FAA, and Maricopa County Sheriff's Office were all notified; the case was formally closed unresolved on November 25, 2019, one entry in a broader pattern of at least 57 documented drone incursions across 24 U.S. nuclear sites between 2015 and 2019.

A stretch of rural, sparsely settled scrub pine and saw-palmetto flatwoods along Military Trail, roughly ten miles inland from the coastal highway south of West Palm Beach, where Boy Scout troop leader D.S. “Sonny” DesVergers reported a hovering disc-shaped object on the night of August 19, 1952, in the Sonny DesVergers Scoutmaster Case. The exact site was never publicly pinpointed to a specific address in any source consulted for that case file; coordinates given here are an approximate placement along the historic road's general path through the area.

A small lake and the rural village around it, then part of the separate rural municipality of Heinolan maalaiskunta (merged into the town of Heinola in 1977), where forestry worker Aarno Heinonen and farmer Esko Viljo encountered a disc-shaped craft and a small humanoid figure while cross-country skiing on January 7, 1970, in the Imjärvi Incident. The exact clearing along their habitual ski route was never pinpointed to a specific address in any source consulted for that case file; coordinates given here are the village/lake's own approximate center.

A small Burgundy village roughly 9 km north of Cluny, home since 1940 to the ecumenical Taizé Community founded by Brother Roger. On the night of August 11–12, 1972, roughly 35 young people attending the community's summer gathering watched a dark, light-covered object descend onto a hillside field, in the Taizé Landing Case. No government agency ever investigated the incident.

A historic Burgundy abbey town roughly 9 km south of Taizé. Witnesses to the August 1972 Taizé Landing Case filed a report with the Cluny gendarmerie, and the object itself reportedly departed in this direction at the sighting's end; no surviving official investigation record tied to that complaint was located.

A rural Four Corners oil-and-gas town of roughly 3,637 residents (1950 census), 110 air miles northwest of the Los Alamos atomic laboratory. Over March 16–18, 1950, hundreds of Farmington residents reported dozens to hundreds of maneuvering, disc-shaped objects over the town in broad daylight — the Farmington Saucer Armada, one of the best-attested mass sightings of the early saucer era.

A small town roughly 16 miles northeast of Farmington, Aztec is the namesake of the discredited 1948 "Aztec crashed saucer" hoax, fabricated by confidence men Silas Newton and Leo GeBauer and promoted by Frank Scully's 1950 book Behind the Flying Saucers — the full case investigated in this site's Aztec, New Mexico Crash Claim file. An Aztec grade-schooler at the time separately described watching unidentified formations pass overhead during the unrelated March 1950 Farmington Saucer Armada, two years after — and evidentially unconnected to — the hoax itself.

A commune roughly 18 km (11 mi) northwest of Marseille, in the Bouches-du-Rhône department of southern France, and home to Marseille–Provence Airport (then Marseille–Marignane Airport), one of France's oldest civil aerodromes. On the evening of January 4, 1954, airport fireman Chesneau watched a self-luminous discoidal object land, bounce, and vanish from the runway near the airfield's Boussiron hangar — the Marignane Airport Landing, one of the opening incidents of France's landmark 1954 UFO wave. A customs officer, Gabriel Gachignard, had reported a similar brief tarmac landing at the same airfield roughly fourteen months earlier, in October 1952.

The open-ocean position, roughly a day and a half's steaming from San Francisco, where the USS Supply Aerial Phenomenon was sighted on the evening of February 28, 1904. The coordinates given are an approximation derived from secondary-source descriptions of the ship's position as roughly 300 nautical miles west of San Francisco during her urgent mercy voyage carrying Governor William E. Sewell; the vessel's own exact charted position was not located in this research.

An iron stores steamer built in 1873 by William Cramp & Sons as the commercial liner SS Illinois, purchased by the Navy in 1898 and recommissioned USS Supply for service in the Spanish–American War. Reassigned to the Asiatic Station in 1902, she served as the principal supply vessel for the Asiatic Fleet, running provisions between the Philippines, Japan, China, and Guam. In February 1904 she carried the gravely ill Governor William E. Sewell and Lt. Frank H. Schofield toward San Francisco, the voyage during which the USS Supply Aerial Phenomenon was sighted. Decommissioned in 1919, she was sold for scrap in 1921 and broken up in 1928.

A U.S. territory since 1898, administered in the early 1900s by a serving Navy officer as Naval Governor and used as a coaling and supply station for the Asiatic Fleet, including USS Supply. Governor William E. Sewell and, briefly in January 1904, Lt. Frank H. Schofield both held the governorship immediately before the events of the USS Supply Aerial Phenomenon.

A large Ministry of Defence installation in the Vale of Glamorgan, historically home to RAF aircraft maintenance and technical training units and, in June 2008, the base from which the South Wales Police Air Support Unit operated. Shortly after midnight on June 8, 2008, the force's helicopter crew reported a saucer-shaped object closing on their aircraft while it held at 500 feet awaiting clearance to land at the base — the opening moment of the St Athan police helicopter sighting.

The tidal estuary separating South Wales from Devon and Somerset, across which a South Wales Police helicopter crew reported following an unidentified object after it departed the vicinity of MOD St Athan in the early hours of June 8, 2008, before breaking off as fuel ran low near the North Devon coast. South Wales Police's own later statement disputed that any sustained "chase" occurred in the terms tabloid coverage of the St Athan police helicopter sighting described.

A market town roughly six miles north of MOD St Athan where, according to later press and broadcast reporting, a newlywed couple released around 100 Chinese sky lanterns from their wedding reception between 11 p.m. and 2 a.m. on the same night as the St Athan police helicopter sighting — the basis of the leading conventional explanation credited to researcher David Clarke.

A major Russian Orthodox monastery founded in 1397, whose landholdings near Lake Robozero and whose own literate archival practice are the reason the 1663 "fiery sphere" account survives at all. Estate manager Ivan Rzhevsky compiled and forwarded his written report on the sighting to his monastic superiors here, and the memorandum was preserved in the monastery's records until its first modern publication in 1842.

Canada's federal capital, where Department of Transport radio engineer Wilbert B. Smith proposed and, on December 2, 1950, won formal approval for Project Magnet, Canada's first official government UFO investigation, and where the Defence Research Board's parallel and more skeptical Project Second Storey committee met from 1952 to 1954.

A shallow inlet of the Ottawa River roughly sixteen kilometers west of downtown Ottawa, where Wilbert B. Smith built Project Magnet's instrumented field observatory — a magnetometer, gamma-ray counter, radio receiver, and recording gravimeter feeding a shared multi-pen recorder — equipped by late 1953 and the site of the program's single notable instrument reading on August 8, 1954. The area is today a Communications Research Centre Canada campus and National Capital Commission-protected wetland.

The city over which the February 25, 1942 "Battle of Los Angeles" unfolded, when air raid sirens, a citywide blackout, and roughly an hour of anti-aircraft fire from coastal batteries responded to reported aerial objects over the metro area, with Fort MacArthur serving as a key command post for the response.